Saurin Sakin Hannun Hannu Mai Saurin Samun Manufofin Matsala Don Bada Amfani da Dual A Matsayin Horo da Na'urar Hanawa.

Wannan aikace-aikacen ci gaba ne-cikin ɓangaren aikace-aikacen haƙƙin mallaka Ser.Lamba 08/276,093 da aka shigar a ranar 15 ga Yuli, 1994 yanzu US Pat.Lamba. 5,463,884 don "SAKIYAR HANNU MAI SAUKI HANNU SAMUN MANUFOFIN RAGE AMFANI DA DUAL A MATSAYIN Horowa DA NA'URAR HANI" na Lansing S. Woo da Ronnie J. Frigulti, an ba da izini a ranar 3 ga Afrilu, 1995.

1. Filin Ƙirƙirar

Ƙirƙirar da aka kirkira ta yanzu tana da alaƙa da fannin na'urorin hana mutum, kuma musamman gadaurin hannuirin nau'in da jami'an 'yan sanda ke amfani da su wajen gudanar da ayyukansu.

2. Bayanin Art

Sanin kowa ne a tsakanin kwararrun ‘yan sanda, kuma cikin shirye-shiryen alkalumman kididdiga na goyon bayansu, cewa daya daga cikin ayyuka masu hadari da rauni da jami’an tsaro ke yi shi ne tsarindaurewanda ake tuhuma.

Duk da haka, jami'an 'yan sanda na yau ba su sami aikin yi kadan ba ta yadda ya kamatadauredabaru.Ƙwarewa a cikindaureDabarun na buƙatar aiki na yau da kullun da daidaito, kuma ba a yi aiki na yau da kullun ba, ƙwarewa yana ɓacewa da sauri, kamar yadda amincin mutum yake cikin dabarar mutum.daureiyawa.

Yawancin jami'an tilasta bin doka ana buƙatar su yi aiki akai-akai da kuma cancanta da makamansu na sabis, amma kaɗan ne ake buƙatar yin bita akai-akai da yin aiki yadda ya kamata.daurefasahohin da suka dace don haɓaka iyawa da ƙwarewa mai dorewa.Wataƙila babban abin da ke hana yin aiki na yau da kullun shine wahalar cirewadaurin hannuda zarar an tsare su.Wannan saboda ƙwaƙƙwaran da ake buƙata wajen sarrafa maɓalli don buɗewadaurin hannu.Sanyawadaurin hannuakan wanda ake zargi (ko abokin aikin horo) ya fi dacewa a gaba yayin da ake sauƙaƙe hanyar ta hanyar amfani da tsarin da aka saba amfani da shi na pawl da ratchet wanda ke ba da izinin "yankakken mariƙin" wuyan hannu ba tare da amfani da maɓalli ba.Amma duk da haka, lokacin da za a cire sarƙoƙin, dole ne jami'in ya riƙe hannun wanda ake tuhuma a wurin, ya saka maɓalli a cikin ɗaurin hannu tare da daidaita daidai ga ramin maɓalli, ya juya maɓalli don ɗaga takalmi mai nuna son zuciya daga ratchet kuma ya yi amfani da shi. hannu don buɗe belin.Bugu da ƙari kuma, lokacin da ƙuƙumman da ke da hanyoyin kulle biyu (misali, US Pat. No. 4,574,600 da aka ba Moffet) ana aiki don ƙarin aminci don hana wanda ake zargi daga ɗaukar makullin na hannun, ana buƙatar ƙarin mataki don fara juya maɓallin a cikin maɓalli. hanyar da ba ta buɗe ba don buɗe hanyar kulle biyu.

A cikin horo, matsalar ta taso cewa ana ɓata lokaci mai yawa don cirewadaurin hannuta hanyar amfani da maɓalli maimakon aiwatar da dabarun aikace-aikacen da suka dace.A yayin zaman horo na yau da kullun, kusan kashi biyu bisa uku zuwa kashi uku cikin huɗu na zaman horon da ɗalibai ke kashewa wajen cire sarƙoƙin, barin lokaci kaɗan don yin wasu dabarun ɗaurin hannu.Sau da yawa, malamai suna gaya wa ɗalibai su kwaikwayi ainihin tsarin ɗaurin hannu don adana lokacin horo.Wani rashin lahani shi ne, tare da irin wannan jinkirin yin aiki na ainihi da kuma amfani da dabaru na kwaikwaya, ɗalibai da sauri sun gundura da horon, don haka, ba sa haɓaka ƙwarewar da ake buƙata don ɗaure wanda ake tuhuma cikin aminci.

A cikin fasahar da ta gabata, ƙuƙumman abin wasa, kamar waɗanda aka kwatanta a cikin US Pat.Lambobin 1,806,163 da 3,423,871 da aka baiwa TJ Hoglund da CF Foley, bi da bi, an tsara su tare da hanyar sakin sauri don sauƙaƙe buɗe ɗaurin hannu ta yara.Duk da haka, an ƙera waɗannan ƙuƙumman don amfani da su kawai azaman kayan wasan yara saboda mai iya buɗe su cikin sauƙi ba tare da amfani da maɓalli ba.Ko da yake ana iya daidaita irin wannan sarƙoƙin don horo, ba za a yarda da su don yin amfani da su ba da sauri daga rundunar 'yan sanda tun da ba su ƙunshi ƙira da aiki iri ɗaya kamar waɗanda ake amfani da su a zahiri a fagen ba.Jami'in da ke aiki da wani nau'in sarƙa na daban yayin horo ba zai sami isasshen fasaha da kwarin gwiwa wajen yin amfani da ainihin sarƙoƙin da ke kan titi ba.Bugu da ƙari kuma, zai yi wahala a ba da hujjar kashe kuɗin ga hukumomin ƴan sanda na birni da na jihohi don samun horo daban-daban na ɗaurin hannu tunda ba a iya amfani da su kawai don dalilai na horo.

Don haka, zai yi kyau a samar da sarƙar da aka saba amfani da ita ta hanyar da jami'an 'yan sanda ke amfani da su da sauri don dalilai na horarwa da kuma hanyoyin da za a bi don kawar da tsarin saurin sakin ta yadda za a iya mayar da igiyar horo zuwa na'urar hanawa don ainihin ainihin abin da ake bukata. amfani.

Wani maƙasudi na horar da ɗaurin hannu shine haɓaka ɗabi'a a cikin ɗalibai koyaushe su aiwatar da fasalin kulle biyu na abin wuya bayan an ɗora sarƙar akan wanda ake zargi.Domin a halin yanzu, ana buƙatar ɗalibi ya yi amfani da ƙarshen maɓalli ko wani abu don aiwatar da wannan hanyar kulle biyu yayin horo, ɗalibai sukan manta da shigar da tsarin kulle biyu gaba ɗaya.

Don haka, zai yi kyau a samar da sarƙar da aka saba amfani da ita ta hanyar da jami'an 'yan sanda ke amfani da su da sauri don yin gaggawar shigar da tsarin kulle biyu don dalilai na horarwa da kuma hanyar cire waɗannan hanyoyin ta yadda za a iya canza ɗaurin horo zuwa ga na'urar hanawa don amfani da gaske.

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TAKAITACCEN KIRRIN

Don haka wani abu ne na ƙirƙira na yanzu don samar da sarƙoƙin da aka saki da sauri wanda ke da hanyoyin wuce gona da iri don ba da damar amfani da biyu azaman horo da na'urar hanawa.

Wani abu ne na ƙirƙira na yanzu don samar da ɗaurin hannu mai maɓallai masu saurin fitarwa da aka ɗora a ɓangarori daban-daban na belin ɗaurin, tare da maɓallan da aka haɗa su da tawul ɗin taron kullewa ta hanyar bututun fitarwa da sauri don cire takalmin. daga ratchet da buɗe ɗaurin hannu akan motsin maɓallan.

Har yanzu wani abu ne na ƙirƙira na yanzu don samar da sarƙoƙi mai sauri kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama yana da hanyar kullewa sau biyu don kiyaye takalmi zuwa ratchet da hana buɗe sarƙoƙi tare da maɓallan sakin sauri don ba da damar amfani da sarƙar. a matsayin ainihin na'urar hanawa.

Wani abu ne da aka ƙirƙiro a yanzu don samar da sarƙoƙin da ke da tsarin kullewa biyu baya ga madaidaicin buɗaɗɗen sauri don buɗe duka biyun na'urar kullewa a kan jujjuya shaft da sarƙoƙi akan ɗayan juyi da fassarar shaft ɗin. , tare da ramin sakin sauri yana iya cirewa daga haɗawa zuwa tawul don canza sarƙar zuwa ainihin na'urar hanawa.

Wani abu ne da aka ƙirƙiro a yanzu don samar da sarƙoƙin da ke da shingen kulle biyu haɗe da na'urar kullewa biyu baya ga saurin sakin sarƙoƙin.Shaft ɗin kulle biyu yana haɗawa kuma yana kawar da na'urar kulle biyu kuma ana iya cire shi daga haɗawa zuwa na'urar kullewa sau biyu don canza sarƙar zuwa ainihin na'urar hanawa.

Waɗannan da sauran makasudin ƙirƙira na yanzu ana cim ma su ta hanyar samar da ƙugiya mai ɗaure gefe, maɓallan sakin sauri waɗanda ke ba da damar buɗe sarƙoƙin da hannu da cirewa ba tare da amfani da maɓalli ba.Ƙirƙirar da farko an yi amfani da ita wajen horarwa saboda tana rage lokacin da ake buƙata don buɗewa da cire sarƙoƙin hannu yayin zaman horo.Duk da haka, ƙirƙirar ta ƙara samar da tsarin kulle biyu wanda ba kawai ya kulle tawul ɗin zuwa ratchet ba, har ma yana kulle maɓallan gaggawar saki a wurin ta yadda jami'an 'yan sanda za su iya amfani da su a matsayin na'urar hanawa ta gaske daga jami'an 'yan sanda a filin.

Bugu da ƙari kuma, a cikin wani nau'i na daban na ƙirƙira na yanzu, an samar da nau'in nau'i na horarwa tare da tsarin kulle biyu wanda kuma za'a iya buɗe shi ta hanyar maɓallai masu sauri don ba da horo mafi sauri da mafi kyau a cikin aiki na nau'in kullewa sau biyu lokacin da mariƙin. ana shafa a wuyan hannu mai horo.Duk da haka, ana iya canza wannan nau'in ƙuƙumi na horarwa zuwa ainihin na'urar hanawa ta hanyar cire maɓallan da aka saki da sauri daga abin da ake zargi ba zai iya buɗe sarƙar ba.

Bugu da ƙari, a cikin ingantaccen tsari na ƙirƙira na yanzu, an samar da nau'in ɗaurin horo tare da tsarin kulle biyu wanda ke aiki kuma an cire shi ta hanyar motsi na maɓalli biyu na kullewa da maɓalli, waɗanda aka haɗa su da na'urar kullewa biyu.Wannan madaidaicin kulle biyu yana sauƙaƙa sauƙaƙe / kawar da na'urar kulle biyu don haka, yana taimakawa haɓaka ɗabi'a a cikin ɗalibai koyaushe suna shigar da tsarin kulle biyu bayan an ɗora sarƙar a kan wanda ake zargi.Har ila yau, an samar da ƙuƙumi tare da maɓallan saurin-sauri, haɗe da maɗaurin saurin-saki, don buɗe sarƙoƙin a kan fassarar ramin.

TAKAITACCEN BAYANI AKAN TSAYE

Abubuwan, fasali da fa'idodin ƙirƙira na yanzu za su bayyana daga cikakken bayanin mai zuwa wanda:

FIG.1(A) shine sauƙaƙan kallon ƙarshen abin ɗaurin hannu yana nuna daidaitattun faranti na gefen belin suna da ramummuka masu saurin fitarwa guda biyu da ƙulli a haɗe a ciki, memba na ratchet da aka jefa tsakanin faranti na gefe da maɓalli da ake amfani da shi don kullewa da buɗe sarƙoƙin.

FIG.1(B) kallo ne na gefe na marikin da aka kirkira na yanzu yana nuna memban ratchet da aka tsare a cikin belin ban da saman farantin gefen belin da ke nuna maɓalli mai maɓalli, maƙarƙashiyar ramin sakin sauri da kuma ramin kwance don sarrafa tsarin kulle biyu.

FIG.2(A) wani ra'ayi ne na gefe na nau'in sarƙar da ke nuna pawl a cikin amintaccen wuri da tsarin kulle biyu da ke cikin matsayi.

FIG.2(B) ra'ayi ne na gefe na nau'in sarƙar da ke nuna pawl a cikin amintaccen wuri da tsarin kulle biyu da ke cikin wurin da aka cire.

FIG.2(C) wani ra'ayi ne na gefe na nau'in sarƙar da ke nuna pawl a cikin matsayi marar tsaro da tsarin kulle biyu da ke cikin wurin da aka rabu.

FIG.3(A) shine ra'ayi na gefe na wani nau'i na nau'i na sarkar da ke nuna memba na ratchet yana aiki da pawl da kuma tsarin kulle biyu wanda yake a cikin matsayi, tare da madaidaicin sakin sauri yana juyawa game da haɗin kai zuwa ga pawl zuwa. kawar da tsarin kulle biyu.

FIG.3(B) shine ra'ayi na gefe na madadin nau'in sarƙar da aka nuna a FIG.3(A), tare da memba na ratchet yana aiki ta pawl kuma ana cire tsarin kulle biyu ta hanyar jujjuya shingen sakin sauri.

FIG.3 (C) shine ra'ayi na ƙarshe na taron kullewa daidai da yanayin yanayin da aka nuna a FIG.3(A) inda aka haɗe sandar saurin-sauri da tawul ta hanyar ƙwallon da za a iya cirewa da haɗin gwiwa.

FIG.3 (D) wani ɓangare ne na ƙarshen taron kullewa daidai da yanayin yanayin da aka nuna a FIG.3(A) inda aka haɗe ramin sakin sauri zuwa tawul ta hanyar zaren juna tsakanin ƙarshen shaft ɗin da soket da aka kafa a cikin pawl.

FIG.4(A) wani ra'ayi ne na wani nau'in nau'i na sarkar da ke nuna memba na ratchet yana aiki da pawl da kuma tsarin kulle biyu wanda yake a cikin matsayi, tare da raƙuman sakin sauri a haɗe zuwa farantin gefe na beli. kusanci zuwa ƙarshen na biyu na pawl don ba da damar kawar da na'urar kullewa biyu da buɗe ɗaurin hannu tare da motsi guda ɗaya na juyawa na shaft.

FIG.4(B) shine ra'ayi na gefe na madadin nau'in sarƙar da aka nuna a FIG.4(A), tare da memba na ratchet yana aiki ta pawl da tsarin kulle biyu wanda ke cikin wurin da aka rabu.

FIG.4(C) shine ra'ayi na gefe na madadin nau'in sarƙar da aka nuna a FIG.4(A), tare da cire memba na ratchet daga pawl kuma tsarin kulle biyu shima yana cikin wurin da aka cire.

FIG.5(A) shine ra'ayi na gefe na wani nau'i na sarkar da ke nuna duka madaidaicin sakin sauri, madaidaicin kulle biyu da madaidaicin kulli a kowane ƙarshen.

FIG.5(B) yana kwatanta ra'ayi na sashe na ɗaurin hannu ta layin A'–A'.

FIG.5(C) yana kwatanta ra'ayi na sashe na ɗaurin hannu ta layin B'–B'.

BAYANI CIKAKKEN BAYANIN KIRRIN

Ƙirƙirar da aka kirkira ta yanzu tana ba da ɗaurin hannu mai saurin-sauri mai madaidaicin hanyoyi don ba da damar amfani da biyu azaman na'urar horo da na'urar hanawa.A cikin bayanin da ke gaba, don dalilai na bayani kuma ba iyakancewa ba, an tsara takamaiman cikakkun bayanai, kamar tsarin da aka fi so da abubuwan da aka fi so, musamman ma'auni, takamaiman fasaha, da dai sauransu don samar da cikakkiyar fahimtar abin da aka ƙirƙira.Koyaya, zai bayyana ga ƙwararriyar fasaha cewa ƙila za a iya aiwatar da abin da aka ƙirƙira a cikin wasu nau'ikan kuma ba tare da takamaiman takamaiman bayanai da aka bayyana ba.A wasu lokuta, sanannun siffofi da amfani ba a bayyana su dalla-dalla ba don guje wa rufaffen abin da aka ƙirƙira ba dole ba.

Kamar yadda aka nuna a FIGS.1 (A) da 1 (B), sarkar da aka saki da sauri na wannan ƙirƙira ta ƙunshi beli 2 mai kamanceceniya da faranti 12 wanda ya shimfiɗa tsakanin ƙarshen farko da na biyu 14, 16 na beli 2 da kuma memba na ratchet 4 yana da kusanci. Ƙarshen 18 mai mahimmanci haɗe zuwa ƙarshen farko 14 na beli 2 don ba da damar wucewa ta ƙarshen 20 na memba na ratchet 4 tsakanin faranti na gefen layi daya 12. A ƙarshen 16 na belin na biyu, an samar da taron kullewa 6. a cikin faranti na gefe 12 na belin 2. Kamar yadda aka nuna a kowace FIGS.2-4, taron kullewa 6 gabaɗaya ya ƙunshi pawl 8 yana da ƙarshen farko 22 yana haɗe da beli 2 da ƙarshen na biyu 24 wanda aka daidaita tare da haƙora don haɗin gwiwa tare da haƙoran memba na ratchet 4. Ƙarshen na biyu 24 na pawl 8 yana da mahimmanci tsakanin amintaccen matsayi inda haƙoran pawl 8 ke tsunduma tare da haƙoran memba na ratchet 4 da matsayi mara tsaro inda pawl 8 ya rabu gaba ɗaya daga memba na ratchet 4. Ƙarshen na biyu na 24 na pawl 8 shine nuna son zuciya cikin haɗin gwiwa tare da memba na ratchet 4 ta hanyar memba na bazara 34 da aka shafa a saman saman pawl 8.

A ɗora ɗaurin hannu a wuyan wanda ake tuhuma, ƙarshen 20 na memba na ratchet 4 ana jujjuya shi a cikin juzu'i na agogo baya kusa da hannun gaba kuma an saka shi cikin taron kullewa 6 inda haƙoran pawl 8 da memba ratchet 4 suka shiga. Don tabbatar da memba na ratchet 4 a cikin beli 2. Don buɗe ɗaurin hannu ba tare da yin amfani da saurin-saki ba, an cire pawl 8 daga memba na ratchet 4 ta hanyar maɓalli 36 ana saka shi ta cikin rami na 42 da aka kafa a farantin gefe. 12 na beli 2. A nesa na 20 na maɓalli 36, an tanadar da flange 40 don shigar da kafaɗa ta tsaye 26 da aka kafa a ƙarshen na biyu 24 na pawl 8 akan juyawa na agogo na maɓalli 36. Flange 40 na maɓallin 36 yana ɗaga kafaɗa ta tsaye 26 zuwa sama don ɗaga pawl 8 daga cikin haƙoran memba na ratchet 4 akan ƙarfin son zuciya na memba na bazara 34.

Don canza sarƙoƙin da aka siffanta a sama zuwa na'urar horo, ƙirƙirar yanzu tana samar da hanyar sakin sauri wanda ya ƙunshi shaft 10 da ke haɗe zuwa gefen gefe na pawl 8 a ƙarshensa na biyu 24, zai fi dacewa a cikin madaidaicin daidaitawa zuwa fuskar gefe. .Kamar yadda aka nuna a FIGS.1 (A) da 2 (A), nisa ƙarshen 20 na shaft 10 yana fitowa ta hanyar ramin tsaye (ba a nuna ba) wanda aka kafa a cikin farantin gefe 12 na belin 2 kuma ya haɗe shi a madauwari madauwari 32 yana da diamita mafi girma. fiye da tsawon ramin.Tare da wannan gyare-gyare, mai horarwa zai iya kawar da pawl 8 daga memba na ratchet 4 ba tare da amfani da maɓalli 36 ba ta fassarar ƙulli 32 da shaft 10 zuwa sama tare da ramin.A cikin yanayin da aka fi so (wanda aka nuna a cikin FIG. 1 (A)), an ƙara maƙala na biyu shaft 10 zuwa wani kishiyar fuskar pawl 8 kuma ya ƙunshi ƙarshen nesa da ke fitowa ta ramin na biyu da aka kafa a farantin gefe 12 tare da ƙugiya. 32 haɗe da shi.Ta hanyar amfani da wannan siffa, mai horo zai iya buɗe ɗaurin hannu da sauri ta hanyar sarrafa kowane ɗayan ƙugiya 32 ba tare da la'akari da yanayin daurin hannu ba lokacin da aka sanya shi a goshin wani ɗan horo.

Tare da aiwatar da tsarin sakin sauri, ƙuƙwalwar ƙirƙira na yanzu ya dace sosai don yin amfani da fasaha na hannu tun lokacin da yake riƙe da ayyuka da siffofi na ƙira na al'ada na al'ada amma yana ba da damar cire kullun ta hanyar motsi mai sauƙi na yatsun hannu.

Don haka, daya daga cikin mafi hadari wajen kama wanda ake tuhuma – wato daure wanda ake zargi – yanzu ana iya maimaita shi sau da dama cikin kankanin lokaci domin tabbatar da cewa kowane dan sanda yana da kwarewar da ake bukata.

Duk da haka, don yin tasiri ga sarƙar ɗin da aka yi amfani da shi kuma ya fi dacewa, ƙirƙira na yanzu yana ƙara samar da sarƙoƙi mai sauri wanda aka ƙera don amfani a duka horo da kuma ainihin amfani a kan titi.Ana cim ma wannan ta hanyar samar da tsarin kulle biyu a cikin hanyar memba tasha 44 da aka jefa sama da pawl 8 kamar yadda aka nuna a FIGS.2-4.Kamar yadda aka nuna a FIGS.2-3, memba na tsayawa 44 na iya ɗaukar siffa mai sauƙi, mashaya mai tsayi 46, duk da haka a cikin wani tsari dabam, memba tasha 44 ya samar da wani yanki mai tsawo na memba na bazara 34 da aka yi amfani da shi don nuna son kai ga pawl 8 a kan memba na ratchet 4 kamar yadda aka nuna a FIGS.4 (A), 4 (B), 4 (C) da 5.

Memba tasha 44 ya ƙunshi yanki mai faɗin kafada ƙasa 48 zai fi dacewa a jefar kusa da tsakiyar memba tasha 44 da kusanci zuwa hutun da aka kafa a saman saman ƙarshen ƙarshen na biyu 24 na pawl 8. Memba na tasha 44 ya ƙara ƙunshi farko kuma na biyu zuwa ƙasa shimfida flanges 50, 52 jefa a kan daban-daban iyakar tasha memba 44, tare da farko flange 50 located kusa da karshen na biyu 24 na pawl 8 da flange 40 na key 36 lokacin da saka.A cikin yanayin da aka fi so, memba na tsayawa 44 yana motsawa a cikin gabaɗaya a kwance (ko daidai da pawl 8) ta aikace-aikacen ƙarfi zuwa ko dai flange 40 don matsar da sashin kafada 48 a ciki kuma daga lamba tare da saman saman saman. pawl 8. Lokacin da ake hulɗa da pawl 8, memba na tsayawa 44 yana aiki don kiyaye haɗin gwiwa tsakanin pawl 8 da memba ratchet 4 duk da motsi na shaft 10 da sauri-saki ko jujjuya maɓallin 36.

A cikin wani tsari dabam, wanda aka nuna a FIGS.2 (A), 2 (B) da 2 (C), tsarin kulle biyu yana aiki ta hanyar fassarar memba tasha 44 daga hagu zuwa dama don matsar da sashin kafada 48 daga sama da hutu na pawl 8 zuwa matsayi na lamba. tare da saman saman pawl 8. Ana cire tsarin ta hanyar motsi na memba tasha 44 a kishiyar hanya.Dangane da FIGS.1 (A) da 2 (A), an fi dacewa da tsarin ta hanyar sakawa da motsa butt 38 na maɓalli 36 a cikin ramin kwance da aka kafa a cikin farantin gefe 12 na belin 2 a cikin haɗin gwiwa tare da flange na biyu 52 na tasha. memba 44. The inji shi ne zai fi dacewa disengaged ta hanyar juya flange 40 na key 36 a cikin kulle taro 6 a counter-clockwise shugabanci a cikin alkawari tare da na farko flange 50 na tasha memba 44. Duk da haka, ya kamata a bayyana cewa sauran hanyoyin. don matsar da memba tasha 44 za a iya ƙirƙira, alal misali, ta hanyar saka butt 38 na maɓalli 36 a cikin ramin 28 da aka kafa a cikin farantin gefe 12 (ko tsakanin faranti 12) zuwa dama na farko flange 50 don matsar da dakatar da memba 44 daga lamba tare da pawl 8, kuma ta hanyar juya maɓalli 36 a cikin agogon agogo don haɗa flange na farko 50 kuma motsa memba tasha 44 zuwa lamba tare da pawl 8.

Tare da wannan ginin, ɗaurin da aka saki da sauri ya dace da ainihin amfani da jami'an 'yan sanda a filin.Lokacin da aka kama wanda ake tuhuma, ana tsare mariƙin a gaban hannun wanda ake tuhuma ta hanyar saka memba ratchet 4 a cikin belin 2 da kuma amfani da butt 38 na maɓalli 36 don shigar da flange na biyu na 52 na memba tasha 44 kuma a motsa memba tasha 44 cikin hulɗa da pawl 8 (FIG. 2 (A)).A cikin wannan kulle-kulle sau biyu, an hana wanda ake zargi daga buɗe ɗaurin hannu ta hanyar motsi na ƙwanƙwasa 32 na shinge mai sauri 10 tun lokacin da za'a iya motsa shi kawai bayan an cire tsarin kulle biyu ta hanyar sakawa da juyawa maɓallin 36 a ciki. shugabanci mai gaba da agogo (FIG. 2(B)).Ana iya buɗe ɗaurin hannu ko dai ta hanyar jujjuya maɓalli na 36 a cikin agogon agogo ko kuma kawai ta ɗaga ƙulli na 32 na madaidaicin sakin sauri 10 (FIG. 2(C)).

Dangane da madadin tsarin da aka nuna a FIGS.3 (A) da 3 (B), an samar da sarƙar da aka ƙirƙira da sauri-saki shaft 10 pivotally haɗe zuwa pawl 8 a ƙarshensa na biyu 24. Ramin jujjuyawar 10 ya ƙunshi flange na gefe ko tsinkaya 30 da aka zubar da kusanci. zuwa ga hadawa da pawl 8 domin alkawari tare da a kaikaice protuberance 60 kafa a kan kafada rabo 48 na tasha memba 44. Ta wannan hanya, da biyu kulle inji za a iya dissengaged ba tare da bukatar key 36 ta juya 32 na dunƙule na. shaft 10 a cikin juzu'i na agogo don tafiyar da tsinkayar gefe 30 tare da protuberance na gefe 60 da matsar da sashin kafada 48 daga lamba tare da tawul 8. Sa'an nan don buɗe mariƙin, mai amfani yana buƙatar kawai ɗaga ƙwanƙwasa 32 na Sakin-saki mai sauri 10 zuwa sama don kawar da pawl 8 daga memba ratchet 4.

Bugu da ƙari, ana kiyaye aikin ɗaurin hannu guda biyu a cikin wannan yanayin ta hanyar samar da tsarin saki wanda ke cire haɗin shinge mai sauri 10 daga jujjuyawar jujjuyawar sa zuwa pawl 8 kamar kullin 32, shaft 10 da tsinkayar gefe 30 na shaft 10 za a iya cire shi daga ɗaurin hannu lokacin da ake so a canza ƙuƙumi don amfani na ainihi.Tsarin sakin na iya haɗawa da ƙwallon ƙafa (kuma mai sassauƙa) da haɗin gwiwa na soket 56 tare da ƙwallon ƙwallon zuwa ƙarshen shaft 10 kuma ana kafa soket a gefen fuskar pawl 8 (FIG. 3(C)) zuwa ba da damar jujjuya shaft 10 bayan shigar da ƙarshensa a cikin soket.A madadin haka, tsarin sakin na iya haɗa da samar da zaren 58 a ƙarshen shaft 10 da kuma soket ɗin zaren da aka kafa a gefen fuskar pawl 8 (FIG. 3 (D)) kamar jujjuyawar agogon hannun agogo baya na shaft ɗin. 10 yana aiki don kawar da na'urar kullewa sau biyu yayin da jujjuyawar agogo 10 a agogo (lokacin da aka cire sashin kafada 48 daga lamba tare da pawl 8) yana aiki don cire shingen 10 daga pawl 8. Bugu da ƙari kuma, madaidaicin-saki mai sauri. 10 za a iya cirewa ta hanyar saka shi gaba ɗaya ta cikin pawl 8 da faranti biyu na gefe 12 na beli 2 da adana shi a wuri ta hanyar haɗa maɗaurin 32 zuwa kowane ƙarshen shaft 10 ta hanyar zaren ko ball da haɗin gwiwa.Tare da wannan ginin, ana cire shaft 10 ta hanyar cire ɗaya daga cikin kulli na 32 da kuma fitar da shaft 10 daga cikin rami mai sakawa.Don kammala wannan siffa don ainihin amfani, yana da kyau a samar da ramin da aka kafa a farantin gefe 12 na beli 2, kuma saboda haka haɗawa da shaft 10 zuwa pawl 8, har zuwa hagu na sashin kafada 48 na memba tasha 44 kamar yadda zai yiwu (lokacin da ake hulɗa da pawl 8) don hana wanda ake zargi daga kwance hanyar kulle biyu ta hanyar motsa sashin kafada 48 zuwa hagu tare da kayan aiki.

A cikin yanayin ƙirƙira na yanzu wanda ba ya haɗa da memba tasha 44, shaft 10, maimakon mikawa daidai gwargwado zuwa jirgin sarƙar hannu, na iya kasancewa a cikin jirgin sarƙar.Misali, shaft 10 da aka haɗe zuwa pawl 8 na iya tsawaita a tsaye zuwa sama daga pawl 8 kuma ya shimfiɗa daga saman ƙarshen na biyu na ɓangaren lissafin.A cikin wannan yanayin, wanda zai iya sakidauri(watau sa pawl 8 ya rabu da memba na ratchet 4) ta hanyar ja igiya 10 a gabaɗaya zuwa sama.Haɗin igiya zuwa pawl na iya kasancewa ta hanyar ƙwallon ƙafa da haɗin gwiwa ko ta hanyar zaren tanadi (misali, dunƙule ido), kamar yadda aka bayyana a baya game da FIG.3C da 3D.

Bugu da ƙari kuma, a cikin wani tsari tare da memba na tasha 44, wanda ke aiki don kiyaye haɗin kai tsakanin pawl 8 da memba na ratchet 4 duk da motsi na shinge mai sauri 10 ko juyawa na maɓalli 36, ana iya haɗa shaft zuwa memba tasha. 44 don haɗawa da sallamar memba tasha 44. Za a iya haɗa sandar zuwa memba tasha 44 ta cikin babban yanki na ƙarshen belin na biyu (watau tare da layin a tsaye wanda aka zana ta ƙarshen belin na biyu).Ana iya yin wannan haɗin gwiwa ta hanyar zaren ko ƙwallon ƙafa da haɗin gwiwa.Mai amfani dadaurina iya shigar da memba tasha 44 ta hanyar matsar da sandar a gaba ɗaya a tsaye a tsaye, da kuma kawar da memba tasha 44 ta hanyar matsar da sandar zuwa gaba a tsaye a tsaye.Don canza horodauriA cikin ainihin na'urar hanawa, wannan ramin, wanda aka haɗa shi da memba na tasha 44, wanda a cikin wannan sigar mashaya, an cire shi ta yadda wanda ake zargi ba zai iya cire memba tasha 44 ba tare da maɓalli ba.

Daidai da wani madadin tsarin ƙirƙira na yanzu da aka nuna a FIGS.4(A), 4(B) da 4(C), shaft-saki mai sauri 10 ana juyawa zuwa ko dai farantin gefe 12 na belin 2 ko ga memba na tsaye (ba a nuna) a cikin taron kullewa 6 maimakon ake hadawa da pawl kanta.Shaft 10 kuma ya ƙunshi tsinkaya ta gefe 30 kusa da haɗin kai wanda aka daidaita don haɗa duka flange na farko 50 na memba tasha 44 da kafaɗa ta tsaye 26 na pawl 8 don a iya kawar da tsarin kulle biyu kumadauribuɗewa ta hanyar juyawa guda ɗaya na shaft 10 a cikin tafarki na agogo.Don cim ma wannan, tsinkayar 30 na gefe ya shimfiɗa zuwa matsayi tsakanin sashin kafada 48 da flange na farko 50 na memba tasha 44 (lokacin da sashin kafada 48 ke hulɗa da pawl 8) ta yadda a kan jujjuyawar agogo, gefen gefe. tsinkaya 30 yana motsa sashin kafada 48 (zuwa dama) daga saman saman pawl 8 kuma ya ƙara ɗaga kafadar tsaye 26 na pawl 8 zuwa sama.A cikin wannan tsarin, shaft 10 yana haɗe zuwa beli 2 ko memba na tsaye kamar yadda yake da hankali tare da maɓalli na 42 da aka kafa a wani gefe na belin 2. Ta wannan hanya, duka biyu na gefe na shaft 10 da flange. 40 na maɓalli 36 ba sa tuntuɓar amma an sanya su don haɗin gwiwa tare da flange na farko 50 na memba tasha 44 da kafaɗa ta tsaye 26 na pawl 8. Bugu da ƙari, haɗakar da shaft 10 zuwa pawl 8 a cikin wannan tsari na iya a kara daidaita shi tare da tsarin sakin kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama don ba da damar amfani da sau biyu nadauri.

Magana yanzu zuwa FIG.5(A), an kwatanta ra'ayi na gefe na wani nau'in ƙirƙira na yanzu.Memba na Tsaya 44 shine tsiri mai tsayi na ƙarfe a cikin wannan siffa.Memba tasha 44 yana aiki azaman tsarin kullewa sau biyu wanda za'a iya kawo shi cikin matsayi a kulle, inda memba tasha 44 ya hana pawl 8 cirewa daga haƙoran memba ratchet 4 (ba a nuna ba).Lokacin da memba na tsayawa 44 ya kasance a cikin buɗaɗɗen wuri, ana iya cire pawl 8 daga haƙoran memba na ratchet 4, ta hanyar madaidaicin sakin sauri 10 ko ta maɓalli 36 (ba a nuna ba).A cikin wannan tsari na musamman, memba na 44 yana aiki duka a matsayin tsarin kulle biyu kuma a matsayin maɓuɓɓugar ruwa wanda ke nuna bambanci ga pawl 8 zuwa ga memba na arcuate 4. Memba na tasha 44 na iya haɗawa da wani abu mai mahimmanci, mai tsayi na karfe, kamar yadda aka kwatanta a FIG.5(A), ko yana iya zama memba mai ƙarfi kamar yadda aka kwatanta a FIGS.2(A) -2(C).

A cikin yanayin inda memba na tasha 44 ya kasance memba mai ƙarfi, bazara 34 ya zama nau'i na mutum ɗaya, kuma baya haɗawa tare da memba tasha 44 (misali, FIGS. 2(A) -2(C), element 34).Amfani da keɓantaccen bazara 34 don nuna son kai ga pawl 8 akan memba na arcuate 4 an nuna shi a fili a FIGS.2(A) -2(C).

FIG.5(A) kuma yana kwatanta madaidaicin sakin sauri 10 wanda ke da alaƙa da ƙwanƙwasa 32. Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, fassarar kullin 32, wanda aka haɗa da madaidaicin sakin sauri 10, yana kawar da pawl 8 daga haƙoran arcuate ratchet. memba 4 (duba FIGS. 3(C) da 3(D)) lokacin da memba tasha 44 ke cikin wurin buɗewa.A cikin wannan yanayin, shaft ɗin sakin sauri 10 yana haɗe kai tsaye zuwa pawl 8.

Magana har yanzu zuwa FIG.5(A), memba na tsayawa 44 ya ƙunshi yanki mai shimfiɗa kafada na ƙasa 48, wanda ke ɗaukar saman saman pawl 8 a cikin matsayi biyu na kulle kuma ba a haɗa shi da pawl 8 a cikin buɗewa.Memba na tasha 44 ya ƙunshi na farko da na biyu zuwa ƙasa mai shimfiɗa flanges 50, 52 da aka jefa akan ƙarshen memba tasha 44, inda flange na farko 50 yana kusa da ƙarshen na biyu 24 na pawl 8 da flange 40 na maɓalli 36 lokacin. saka, da kuma na biyu flange 52 is located kusa da wani kwance Ramin 62. Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, da tasha memba 44 ne m a cikin wani general kwance shugabanci ta aikace-aikace na wani karfi zuwa na biyu flange 52 don matsawa kafada rabo 48 a kuma daga lamba. tare da saman saman pawl 8. Lokacin da yake hulɗa da pawl, memba na tsayawa 44 yana aiki don kula da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin pawl 8 da ratchet memba 4 (ba a nuna ba), duk da motsi na shinge mai sauri-saki 10 ko juyawa na key 36.

A cikin wannan yanayin, tsarin kulle biyu yana aiki ta hanyar motsa memba tasha 44 ta hanyar shaft na biyu 60, haɗe zuwa flange na biyu 52 na memba tasha 44. Ta hanyar motsa shaft na biyu 60 a cikin jagorar kwance gabaɗaya, memba tasha 44 wanda aka haɗe shi zuwa shaft na biyu 60 a flange na biyu 52, yana ɗaukar pawl 8. Hakanan ana iya aiwatar da wannan tsarin kullewa ta hanyar sakawa da motsa butt 38 na maɓalli 36 ta cikin ramin kwance 62, wanda aka kafa a gefe. farantin 12 na belin 2, cikin hulɗa da flange na biyu 52 na memba tasha 44.

Na biyu shaft 60 mika ta hanyar kwance Ramin 62 kafa a cikin wani gefe farantin 12 na beli 2. Bugu da ƙari kuma, wannan na biyu shaft 60 wuce ta biyu gefen faranti 12 na beli 2, da kuma shiga na biyu flange 52 na tasha memba 44. Na biyu shaft 60 an kiyaye shi a wuri ta hanyar haɗa maɓallin farko na 64 zuwa ɗaya ƙarshen shaft na biyu 60 da 65 na biyu zuwa sauran ƙarshen 60 na biyu. 60 ta hanyoyi da dama (misali, ta zaren ko ƙwallon ƙafa da haɗin gwiwa).Tare da wannan ginin, an cire shinge na biyu na 60 ta hanyar cire ɗaya daga cikin ƙulli 64, 65 da cire shaft na biyu 60 daga cikin kwancen ramin 62.

FIG.5 (B) yana kwatanta ra'ayi na sashe nadaurita hanyar layi A'-A'.FIG.5(B) yana misalta sandar farko ta 10 tana da kulli na farko 32 da aka jefa a gefe ɗaya kuma kulli na biyu 33 da aka jefa a ƙarshen kishiyar.Shafi na farko 10 yana wucewa ta cikin pawl 8 da faranti biyu na gefe 12. FIG.5(B) kuma yana misalta igiya ta biyu 60 (misali, raƙuman raƙuman ruwa) yana da ƙulli na farko 64, an jefar a ƙarshen ɗaya, kuma kulli na biyu 65 da aka jefa a ƙarshen kishiyar.Lokacin da na biyu shaft 60 ne tsaga shaft, na biyu shaft 60 shigar da bangarorin biyu na biyu flange 52 na tasha memba 44 kamar yadda aka nuna.

FIG.5 (C) yana kwatanta wani sashe nadaurita hanyar layin B'-B'.

FIG.5(C) yana misalta sandar farko ta 10 tana da ƙulli na farko 32 a ƙarshen ɗaya kuma kulli na biyu 33 a ƙarshen kishiyar.Shaft 10 yana wucewa ta cikin guntun tafin hannu 8 kuma yana wucewa ta faranti na gefe 12. An kuma nuna ramin na biyu 60 yana da ƙulli na farko 64 da kulli na biyu 65 a gefe guda.Shafi na biyu na 60 yana wucewa ta faranti na gefe 12 kuma yana ɗaukar memba na tasha 44.

An lura cewa ko da yake an yi bayanin abin da aka ƙirƙira a cikin abubuwan da aka fi so da kuma na dabam, za a yaba da cewa za a iya yin gyare-gyare da gyare-gyare daban-daban don inganta ayyukan da ake yi a cikin tsarin.daurita waɗanda suka ƙware a cikin fasaha ba tare da fita daga ruhi da iyakokin ƙirƙira ba.Don haka ya kamata a auna abin da aka kirkira ta hanyar da'awar da ta biyo baya.