Teknụzụ nchekwa nchekwa——Ọmụmụ nnwale nke ike mgbo mgbo nke Kevlar, nke ịdị arọ dị iche iche na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke akwa akwa, yana 9mm projectiles.

2.1.Gel ballistic

Emere gel ballistic ahụ site na gelatin na-adịghị ụtọ.Njupụta na nkwụsi ike nke gel ga-abụ otu ihe nke Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) na-eji.Iji nweta otu nkwụsi ike, ntuziaka enyere na Ref.[30] gbasoro wee nwalee ya megide ụkpụrụ akọwara na Ref.[31].

A na-agwakọta iko 8 (250 ml) nke ntụ ntụ gelatin na-adịghị mma (ihe dị ka 1.25 n'arọ) na mmiri 8 L (1 akụkụ gelatine maka akụkụ anọ ọ bụla nke mmiri) ruo mgbe agbazere ntụ ntụ niile.Mgbe a wụsara ihe ngwọta ahụ n'ime ihe ndị ahụ (a na-eji ihe 2 × 5 L mee ihe maka ngwakọta nke dị n'elu), 5 tụlee mmanụ dị mkpa (ahịhịa cinnamon mmanụ dị mkpa) n'elu ihe ngwọta ma jiri nwayọọ tinye ya n'ime ya.Ihe kpatara mmanụ dị mkpa bụ ikwe ka egosipụta na ngwọta na-ekpochapụ, na inye gel ballistic isi ísì ụtọ.A na-edozi ihe ngwọta n'ime akpa ndị etinyere na ngwa nju oyi.Gel ballistic dị njikere iji 36 h mgbe emechara ya wee kechie ya na mkpuchi cellophane.Vidiyo na-egosi nkọwa iji mee ka gel ballistic dị site nahttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0nLWqJauFEw.

A gbakọrọ njupụta nke gel ballistic dị ka 996 km/m3(99.6% nke njupụta mmiri).Nkezi njupụta nke ọbara, abụba na akwara mmadụ [32], nke bụ nkwekọ nke anụ ahụ mmadụ, bụ 1004 kg / m3.A na-ahụta ọdịiche dị 0.8% na njupụta dị ka ihe a na-anabata maka gel ballistic iji megharịa anụ ahụ nke ahụ mmadụ.

2.2.Kevlar ihe atụ

A na-eji akwa Kevlar arọ atọ mee ihe n'ule ahụ, ya bụ, 160 GSM, 200 GSM na 400 GSM.Ebe ọ bụ na enwere ike iji Kevlar mee ihe dị ka ihe a kpara akpa, a pụrụ iji ike kachasị elu nke ihe ahụ mee ihe na ntụgharị 0-90.A na-ejikọta ihe nlele ahụ na -45 / + 45 (quasi-isotropic) nghazi nke na-enweta ume karịa mmetụta karịa 0-90 nghazi na-ejikọta ibe ya.33].A na-eme ihe nlele ndị a na-eji na ule ahụ n'ọtụtụ dị iche iche nke 3 ebe a na-etinye ihe nlele ọ bụla n'usoro nke 90 / ± 45/90.Mgbe etinyere ihe nlele abụọ ma ọ bụ atọ n'elu ibe ha, a na-eme ya ka a na-etinye oyi akwa ikpeazụ nke otu ihe nlele na 45 ° na oyi akwa nke ọzọ.

E kewara mpempe akwụkwọ Kevlar ma bee n'ime mpempe akwụkwọ nha A4 iji dozie ha ka a ga-ejikọta ọnụ site na iji resin na hardener a tụrụ aro.A hapụrụ ihe nlele ndị ahụ ka nkụ.A na-egbutu ihe nlele ndị ahụ mgbe resin ahụ dechara ma kechie ibe ya ma tinye ya n'ọnọdụ ka a na-eduzi ule.

Ejiri ụdị mgboagha abụọ dị iche iche mee ule bọọlụ, ya bụ, jaket igwe zuru ezu (FMJ) na oghere oghere (JHP) nke 9 mm Parabellum (P ma ọ bụ Para dị mkpụmkpụ) caliber.A kọwapụtara usoro eji nwalee ihe nlele ndị a na-esote:

• 1)

• Edobere chronograph ngwa ngwa iji tụọ ọsọ mgbọ.A na-etinye chronograph 2 m site na muzzle nke ngwa agha iji gbochie ire ọkụ ọkụ iji nye ọgụgụ na-ezighi ezi.

• 2)

• Emere ule ntọala iji chọpụta ọsọ mgbọ ozugbo na gel ballistic.The kinetic energy equation
  E=(1/2)mv2

  ejiri mee ihe iji chọpụta ike na anya nke ịbanye n'ime gel ballistic.

• 3)

• NkeKevlarA na-etinye ihe nlele n'ihu gel ballistic ma debe nke a 1 m site na chronograph.Ihe kpatara ịdị anya nke 1 m bụ iji megharịa ọnọdụ kachasị njọ ebe a na-agbapụ mmadụ ma ọ bụ ihe n'ebe dị anya.

• 4)

• Agbagburu sample na projectile na-aga na chronograph iji chọpụta ọsọ mbụ ya.Mgbe nke a gasịrị, a na-abanye n'ime ihe nlele ahụ ma tinye ya na gel ballistic.A na-eji ọsọ nke ule ahụ nweta otunkezi ọsọọgụgụ nke ejiri melite ụkpụrụ na nzọụkwụ 2.

• 5)

• A tụrụ anya nke ịbanye n'ime gel ballistic ma dekọọ.

• 6)

• A na-emegharị nzọụkwụ 2 maka ụdị ngwa agha ọ bụla ejiri na ule.Nzọụkwụ 3 ruo nzọụkwụ 5 ka emeghachiri maka nlele Kevlar ọ bụla.A na-emegharị ule nwere ngwa ọgụ kpọmkwem ma ọ bụrụ na projectile ahụ emeghị njem ozugbo n'ime gel ballistic, ma ọ bụ ọ bụrụ na ọ banye n'ime ihe nlele Kevlar na mpaghara a na-ewere na ọ bụghị ihe dị mma.

Site na nlele oyi akwa 3 ahụ, 9 mm Parabellum FMJ projectiles mere njem ntakịrị ntakịrị ma e jiri ya tụnyere ikpe na-enweghị Kevlar.Ebe oghere oghere ahụ gara n'ihu ma e jiri ya tụnyere nke enweghị ikpe Kevlar.Ihe ngosi Parabellum nke 9mm (nọmba 4) emeghị nke ukwuu, mana jaket ọla malitere ịdọkasị projectile ahụ.

Nnwale ndị e mere na 6 layers nke 160 GSM Kevlar gosiri na 9 mm Parabellum hollow point projectiles gara n'ihu ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọ dịghị ule ntinye Kevlar nwere nọmba projectile 4 na-aga ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu ebe dị anya ka nke FMJ projectile.

Na 9 n'ígwé nke 160 GSM Kevlar, ndị kwekọrọ na anya njem ndị projectiles na gel gosiri na projectile nọmba 1, 3 na 4 gara n'ihu mgbe ọ gafere 9 n'ígwé nke 160 GSM Kevlar, ma e jiri ya tụnyere projectiles gbara n'ime ballistic. gel (enweghị Kevlar).

Nnwale ndị e mere na 12 n'ígwé nke 160 GSM Kevlar na-egosi na ihe niile projectiles na-egosi a mbelata omume nke penetration omimi tụnyere 9 n'ígwé.

Dị ka a hụrụ naIhe osise 3, omimi nke ntinye nke projectiles na-agbanwe na omimi ka ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọkwa na-abawanye, ma a na-ahụ mbelata site na 9 ruo 12 n'ọnọdụ niile.Achọpụtara na oghere oghere na-abanye n'ime Kevlar layers na n'ime usoro ahụ, ejiri ihe Kevlar mechie ebe oghere ahụ.Ozugbo oghere oghere ndị a ruru gel ballistic, ha na-arụ ọrụ n'otu ụzọ ahụ dị ka projectile FMJ.N'ihi ihe ahụ a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu nke ejiri ihe nlele Kevlar mee ihe, projectiles na-abanyekwu n'ime gel ballistic ma e jiri ya tụnyere ule ndị a na-eme na-enweghị Kevlar.Naanị otu ugboro n'ígwé nke Kevlar zuru oke ka etinyere ya iji nweta ume zuru oke, ka projectile gosipụtara njirimara mbelata ntinye n'ime gel ballistic.Achọpụtara njirimara a na ule ndị ọzọ, ya na Kevlar dị arọ dị iche iche dị ka e gosipụtara n'akwụkwọ a.

3.4.200 GSMKevlar

Emere ule Kevlar 200 GSM jiri ihe nlele nke 3, 6, 9, 12 na 15.Ebe ọ bụ na a na-ejikarị 200 GSM Kevlar eme ihe maka mkpuchi mgbọ, e kpebiri iji akwa iri na ise mee ule.E gosipụtara nsonaazụ nke ntinye n'ime gel ballisticFoto 4.

Nnwale ndị e mere na 3 Layer nke 200 GSM Kevlar na-egosi na 9 mm Parabellum FMJ projectiles gafere ballistic gel na anya ha na-eme njem ma e jiri ya tụnyere ikpe Kevlar enweghị belata.Ihe 9mm Parabellum hollow point projectiles wepụrụ dị ka a tụrụ anya ya, yana nọmba 9 mm Parabellum projectile 4 nwere jaket ọla kọpa n'ime gel ballistic, mana ntụzịaka ahụ gara n'ihu wee kwụsị dị ka edere ya.Foto 4.

Site na akwa 6 nke 200 GSM Kevlar, a hụrụ na anya ntinye nke projectile 1 n'ime gel ballistic gbadara ebe projectiles 2, 3 na 4 gara n'ihu na gel ballistic ma e jiri ya tụnyere nke enweghị Kevlar.

Nnwale ndị e mere na 9 Layer nke 200 GSM Kevlar na-egosi na nọmba projectile 2 gara n'ihu na gel ballistic ma e jiri ya tụnyere nke enweghị Kevlar.Achọpụtara na projectiles 3 na 4 gbochiri Kevlar n'ime oghere nke gbochiri ya ịtụ ero.Projectiles 3 na 4 gara n'ihu n'ime gel ballistic mgbe ha batara n'ígwé 9 nke 200 GSM Kevlar ma e jiri ya tụnyere nke enweghị Kevlar.

N'ule e mere na 12 layers nke 200 GSM Kevlar, a hụrụ na 9 mm Parabellum FMJ projectiles, nọmba 1 na 2, nwere isi ire ụtọ mgbe ọ banyere.Nọmba projectile 4, n'agbanyeghị na agbachaghị nke ọma na oghere oghere nke Kevlar kpuchiri, gbatịa karịa n'isi.Nọmba projectile 3 emeghị ero dị ukwuu, mana enwere ihe akaebe nke n'ọnụ isi na-emebi emebi.

Nnwale ndị e mere na 15 layers nke 200 GSM Kevlar, nwere ma FMJ projectiles na-egosi akara nke ero.Ọnụọgụ projectile 1 na 2 na-egosi mbelata nke omimi ntinye n'ime gel ballistic ma e jiri ya tụnyere nke enweghị Kevlar.N'ọnọdụ dị ugbu a, ihe mkpuchi nke Kevlar kwụsịrị projectiles 3 na 4.

Dị ka a hụrụ naFoto 4, mgbe a na-atụle nkezi n'etiti isi ihe ahụ, ọ dị ka ọ na-egosi gradient linear nke mbelata ntinye n'ime gel ballistic ga-eme, otu mgbe a ruru elu elu na ihe dịka 6 layers nke 200 GSM Kevlar.200 GSM Kevlar na-egosi arụmọrụ ka mma ma e jiri ya tụnyere 160 GSM Kevlar, dịka a tụrụ anya ya.Na 15 layers nke 200 GSM Kevlar, projectiles nọmba 3 na 4 akwụsịla, ma ọ bụghị projectiles nọmba 1 na 2. Na-eso nkezi gradient, a na-eme atụmatụ na projectiles nọmba 1 na 2 ga-akwụsị site na iji ikekwe 18 na 21 layers. 200 GSM Kevlar, n'otu n'otu.

• Emere ule Kevlar 400 GSM site na iji ihe nlele nke 3, 6, 9 na 12 layers, dị ka e gosipụtara site na nsonaazụ egosiri na.Foto 5.

4. Nyocha na mkparịta ụka nke nsonaazụ

Foto 6na-egosi ntụnyere nke omimi ntinye nke dị iche iche projectiles n'ime 3 n'ígwé nke 160 GSM, 200 GSM na 400 GSM Kevlar.Dị ka a hụrụ naFoto 6, na 9 mm Parabellum oghere projectiles, 3 layers nke 200 GSM Kevlar kwụsịrị projectiles n'ebe kacha nso.N'ígwé 3 nke 400 GSM na 160 GSM Kevlar kwụsịrị projectiles 1 na 2 kachasị, n'otu n'otu.

Foto 7,Foto 9gosi na onweghi njirimara yiri nke nwere projectiles dị iche iche maka ọnụọgụ abụọ dị iche iche nke ọkwa GSM yiri ya.Otu ihe atụ bụ 12 layers nke 200 GSM Kevlar na 6 layers nke 400 GSM Kevlar.Ihe nlele abụọ a nwere ngụkọta nke 2400 GSM Kevlar nke ọ bụla.Mgbe ha na-atụnyere ihe atụ abụọ a dị iche iche, ha anaghị ebelata anya nke projectiles site na ego yiri ya.Enwere ike ịhụ njikọ na nkwubi okwu ndị yiri ya site na ọkwa atọ nke 400 GSM Kevlar na 6 layers nke 200 GSM Kevlar.Nke ọ bụla n'ime ikpe ndị a nwere ihe nlele GSM 1200, mana enweghị njirimara yiri ya na nsonaazụ ya.

Ọkara akụkụ maka projectile 1 na 2, egosiri na yaFoto 4, gosi na projectiles ga-akwụsị na 6 na 7 multiples nke 3 layers nke 200 GSM Kevlar, n'otu n'otu (ya bụ 18 na 21 layers nke 200 GSM Kevlar).Enwere usoro nke na-agbakọ ọnụ ọgụgụ nke Kevlar okpukpu abụọ nke achọrọ, ma e jiri ya tụnyere Kevlar mebiri emebi n'ezie iji kwụsị projectiles.Na 18 na 21 layers nke 200 GSM Kevlar, ọ ga-eme ka projectiles 1 na 2 kwụsị n'ihe dịka 9 na 10 layers nke Kevlar.Ọnụọgụ nke akwa akwa a dabara na ọnụọgụ nke ihie ụzọ Kevlar nke enwere naanị Kevlar mkpuchi mgbo nwere.

Ụfọdụ ihe maka ntụnye aka gị:

https://www.senkencorp.com/bullet-proof-vest/military-vip-police-concealable-light-weight.html

https://www.senkencorp.com/bullet-proof-vest/high-quality-military-use-tactical-armor.html

https://www.senkencorp.com/bullet-proof-vest/military-ballistic-nij-iiia-pe-or-kevlar.html

https://www.senkencorp.com/bullet-proof-vest/bulletproof-vest-fdy3r-sk15.html

Vidiyo maka nrụtụ aka gị:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zc-HYAXSaqs

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YtBaebU7CTw

5. Mkpebi

Tụnyere 160 GSM, 200 GSM na 400 GSMKevlarN'okpuru mmetụta ballistic ka emere ule ballistic nke ejiri mgbo parabellum 9 mm yana ọnụ ọgụgụ dị iche iche nke Kevlar.Achọpụtara na ọkwa ole na ole nke Kevlar adịghị arụ ọrụ n'ịkwụsị projectiles, kama na-amanye projectiles ka ha gaa n'ihu na gel ballistic.Naanị mgbe ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọkwa na-abawanye, a hụrụ mbelata nke ntinye projectile n'ime gel ballistic.Ihe kpatara ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu na ntinye, karịsịa na oghere oghere, bụ n'ihi oghere ahụ jupụtara na ihe Kevlar na-eme ka ọ rụọ ọrụ dị ka FMJ projectile.A hụkwara gradients na-adịghị mma yiri nke ahụ n'etiti FMJ na oghere oghere, ozugbo ọ ruru elu.

N'ịchịkọta ntinye aka nke akwụkwọ a, enwere ike mechie ya:

• 1)

• Achọpụtara ịdị irè nke ọkwa dị iche iche nke 160 GSM, 200 GSM na 400 GSM nke Kevlar layered with ballistic gel, wee chọpụta na 200 GSM Kevlar dị irè karị maka ịkwụsị 9 mm Parabellum projectile.

• 2)

• Achọpụtara na ọ nweghị njikọ dị n'etiti ụdị abụọ dị iche iche nke Kevlar nwere oke dị iche iche (dị ka 200 GSM na 400 GSM Kevlar), na-edozi n'ụzọ nke na ha nwere otu ịdị arọ jikọtara ọnụ.

• 3)

• A nwalere ụdị anọ dị iche iche nke 9 mm Parabellum mgboagha, na omimi ntinye ha n'ime gel ballistic ka achọpụtara maka ọkwa dị iche iche nke Kevlar.

• 4)

• A tụlere na maka mgboagha Parabellum 9 mm, nke a na-ejikarị gburugburu ụwa, a chọrọ 21 layers nke 200 GSM Kevlar dị ka opekempe iji kwụsị projectile.A na-atụ aro na, dị ka nchekwa nchekwa, agbakwunyere ihe nchekwa ọzọ ka ntinye ahụ dabere na profaịlụ projectile.

Dabere na nsonaazụ ewepụtara n'elu maka njirimara nke ọkwa Kevlar dị arọ dị iche iche, a na-atụ anya na a ga-eji njirimara ndị a mepụta ma chepụta uwe mkpuchi na-adịghị mma ma dị irè.

Usoro a na-emekarị nke na-achọ okpukpu abụọ nke okpukpu abụọ nke Kevlar ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọnụ ọgụgụ nke oyi akwa mebiri emebi, ọ ga-aba uru iji nyocha ọzọ na mgboagha dị iche iche.Nchọpụta ga-eme n'ọdịnihu ga-enwekwa ike igosi mmetụta ntinye nke obere ihe nrụpụta caliber na mgbo nwere na Kevlar ma e jiri ya tụnyere nke mgboagha 9 mm Para.N'otu aka ahụ, nyocha n'ọdịnihu ga-enwe ike ịmata ka mgboagha na projectiles dị iche iche si abanye 200 GSM Kevlar dị ka Kevlar nke a na-eji naanị na akwa mkpuchi mgbo.Site na njirimara ndị a na-ahụ na oghere oghere na-abanye n'ime gel ballistic, mgbe ejiri Kevlar kpuchiri oghere oghere ahụ, nyocha n'ọdịnihu ga-enye ohere iji chọpụta ma ọ bụrụ na a ga-enwe mmetụta yiri nke ahụ na ọnọdụ ebe ihe mkpuchi ahụ banyere uwe, tupu ịbanye n'anụ ahụ. .

Nkwenye

Ndị kwadoro nyocha ahụ n'akụkụ ụfọdụNational Research Foundation.Ụlọ ọrụ ndị a na ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu ka anabatara maka enyemaka ha, nduzi, na ojiji nke akụrụngwa ha, n'usoro mkpụrụedemede: Borrie Bornman, John Evans, Assessment Competency Assessment and Training Center (+27 39 315 0379;fcatc1@webafrica.org.za), Henns Arms (Onye na-ere ngwa agha na onye na-eji egbe;www.hennsarms.co.za;info@hennsarms.co.za), Osimiri Valley Farm & Nature Reserve (+27 82 694 2258;https://www.rivervalleynaturereserve.co.za/;info@jollyfresh.co.za), Marc Lee, David na Natasha Robert, Simms Arms (+27 39 315 6390;https://www.simmsarms.co.za;simmscraig@msn.com), Ọrụ Ndịda Eluigwe (+27 31 579 4141;www.skyops.co.za;mike@skyops.co.za), Louis na Leonie Stopforth.A ghaghị iburu n'uche na echiche nke ndị edemede na akwụkwọ a abụghị echiche nke ụlọ ọrụ, òtù na ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu.Ndị ode akwụkwọ enwetaghị uru ego maka ule emere.