Zinthu 5 Zoyenera Kuziganizira Musanadziwe Zokhudza Thupi Lankhondo (Bulletproof Vest)
Zinthu 5 zomwe muyenera kuziganizira musanadziwe za zida za thupi (bulletproof vest)
1. Kodi chovala choteteza zipolopolo ndi chiyani
Zovala za bulletproof (Bulletproof Vest), zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti bulletproof vests, bulletproof vests, bulletproof vests, bulletproof vest, zida zodzitetezera, ndi zina zotere, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza thupi la munthu ku zipolopolo kapena zipsera.Chovala chotchinga zipolopolo chimapangidwa makamaka ndi magawo awiri: jekete ndi wosanjikiza woteteza zipolopolo.Zovala zophimba nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi nsalu zopangidwa ndi mankhwala.Wosanjikiza zipolopolo amapangidwa ndi chitsulo (chapadera chitsulo, zotayidwa aloyi, titaniyamu aloyi), pepala ceramic (corundum, boron carbide, silicon carbide, aluminiyamu), galasi CHIKWANGWANI analimbitsa pulasitiki, nayiloni (PA), Kevlar (KEVLAR), kopitilira muyeso-mmwamba molekyulu yolemera polyethylene Fiber (DOYENTRONTEX Fiber), zida zodzitetezera zamadzimadzi ndi zida zina zimapanga mawonekedwe amodzi kapena osakanikirana.Wosanjikiza zipolopolo amatha kuyamwa mphamvu ya kinetic ya chipolopolo kapena shrapnel, ndipo imakhala ndi chitetezo chodziwikiratu pa chipolopolo chotsika kwambiri kapena shrapnel, ndipo imatha kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa pachifuwa ndi pamimba pamunthu poyang'aniridwa ndi vuto linalake.Zovala zoteteza zipolopolo zimaphatikizapo zida zankhondo zonyamula makanda, zida zankhondo zoyendetsa ndege ndi zida zankhondo.Malingana ndi maonekedwe ake, akhoza kugawidwa m'mavala oteteza zipolopolo, zovala zoteteza zipolopolo, zovala za amayi ndi mitundu ina.
2. Maonekedwe a bulletproof vest
Chovala chotchinga zipolopolo chimapangidwa makamaka ndi chivundikiro cha zovala, chosanjikiza zipolopolo, chotchingira, ndi bolodi loletsa zipolopolo.
Chophimba cha zovala nthawi zambiri chimapangidwa ndi nsalu za ulusi wa mankhwala kapena nsalu ya thonje yaubweya kuti ateteze wosanjikiza wosanjikiza zipolopolo ndikupangitsa kuwoneka kokongola.Zovala zina zimakhala ndi matumba angapo onyamulira zida ndi zinthu zina.Wosanjikiza zipolopolo nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zitsulo, zitsulo za aramid (Kevlar fiber), polyethylene yamphamvu kwambiri ya modulus ndi zinthu zina zokhala imodzi kapena zophatikizika, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuponya kapena kuyika zipolopolo zolowera kapena zidutswa zophulika.
Buffer layer imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwononga mphamvu ya kinetic ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kosalowa.Nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi nsalu yotsekeka yokhala ndi ma cell otsekedwa, thovu la polyurethane ndi zinthu zina.
Zoyikira zipolopolo ndi mtundu wa zoyika zomwe zimakulitsa luso loteteza lachiwombankhanga, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuteteza kulowera kwa zipolopolo zamfuti ndi tizidutswa tating'ono ta liwiro lalikulu.
3.Zovala za bulletproof vest
Tonse tikudziwa kuti tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu za nkhope kapena ulusi kupanga zovala, kugwiritsa ntchito chinsalu kupangamatumba a canvas,ndi chikopa chopangira zovala zachikopa ndi zina zotero. Inde, pali zida zapadera zoteteza zipolopolo ndi nsalu zankhondo.
Choyamba, tikukudziwitsani kuti ndi nsalu ziti zomwe zimateteza zipolopolo komanso zida zoteteza zipolopolo
Chovala chotchinga zipolopolo chimapangidwa makamaka ndi magawo awiri: jekete ndi wosanjikiza woteteza zipolopolo.Zovala zophimba nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi nsalu zopangidwa ndi mankhwala.
Wosanjikiza zipolopolo amapangidwa ndi chitsulo (chapadera chitsulo, zotayidwa aloyi, titaniyamu aloyi), pepala ceramic (corundum, boron carbide, silicon carbide, aluminiyamu), galasi CHIKWANGWANI analimbitsa pulasitiki, nayiloni (PA), Kevlar (KEVLAR), kopitilira muyeso-mmwamba molekyulu yolemera polyethylene Fiber (DOYENTRONTEX Fiber), zida zodzitetezera zamadzimadzi ndi zida zina zimapanga mawonekedwe amodzi kapena osakanikirana.
Wosanjikiza zipolopolo amatha kuyamwa mphamvu ya kinetic ya chipolopolo kapena shrapnel, ndipo imakhala ndi chitetezo chodziwikiratu pa chipolopolo chotsika kwambiri kapena shrapnel, ndipo imatha kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa pachifuwa ndi pamimba pamunthu poyang'aniridwa ndi vuto linalake.
<1> Zitsulo: makamaka zitsulo zapadera, zotayidwa aloyi, titaniyamu aloyi, etc.
(Chitsulo chapadera)
(zitsulo za aluminiyamu)
(titaniyamu aloyi)
<2> Ceramics: makamaka corundum, boron carbide, aluminium carbide, alumina
(corundum)
(boron carbide)
(aluminium carbide)
(alumina)
<3> Kevlar: Dzina lonse ndi "poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide", yomwe ili ndi Mphamvu Zapamwamba, kukana kuvala kwambiri, kukana kwambiri misozi.
(Kevlar)
<4> FRP: Pulasitiki yowonjezeredwa ndi fiber.
(FRP)
<5> UHMPE CHIKWANGWANI: Ndiko kuti, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, kulemera kwake kwa molekyulu ndi 1 miliyoni mpaka 5 miliyoni.
(UHMPE CHIKWANGWANI)
<6>Zamadzimadzi zipolopolo zakuthupi: Amapangidwa ndi zinthu zapadera zamadzimadzi thickening madzi.
Zinthu zamadzimadzi zapaderazi zimagundidwanso ndi zipolopolo
Adzakhuthala msanga ndi kuuma.
(Zinthu zamadzimadzi zomwe zimateteza zipolopolo)
4. Mitundu ya zovala zoteteza zipolopolo
Zida za thupi zimagawidwa m'magulu awiri:
① Zida zankhondo za ana akhanda.Okonzeka ndi asilikali oyenda pansi, apanyanja, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza ogwira ntchito ku zowonongeka zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi zidutswa zosiyanasiyana.
(Zida za thupi la ana akhanda)
② Zovala zopanda zipolopolo za antchito apadera.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pochita ntchito zapadera.Pamaziko a zida zankhondo za ana akhanda, ntchito zachitetezo cha khosi, chitetezo cha mapewa ndi chitetezo cha m'mimba zimawonjezeredwa kuti ziwonjezere chitetezo;Kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kuli ndi matumba oyikamo zotsekera zipolopolo kuti apititse patsogolo magwiridwe antchito a anti-ballistic.
(Zovala za bulletproof za anthu apadera)
③Zida zankhondo zankhondo.Zogwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ndi zida zankhondo pomenya nkhondo, zimatha kuteteza kugawikana ndi kuwonongeka kwa mafunde.
(Zida zankhondo zankhondo)
Malinga ndi zida zomangira, zida zankhondo zimagawidwa kukhala:
① Zida zofewa za thupi.Chosanjikiza chotchinga zipolopolo nthawi zambiri chimapangidwa ndi zigawo zingapo za nsalu zamphamvu kwambiri komanso zapamwamba za modulus zomangika kapena zopindika mwachindunji.Zipolopolo ndi tiziduswa zikalowa munsanjika wosanjikiza zipolopolo, zimatulutsa kukameta ubweya wolunjika, kulephera kwamphamvu komanso kulephera kwa delamination, motero zimawononga mphamvu zawo.
(Zida zofewa za thupi)
②Zida zolimba za thupi.Chipolopolo chopanda zipolopolo nthawi zambiri chimapangidwa ndi zitsulo zazitsulo, zolimba kwambiri komanso zapamwamba za modulus fiber laminates zopangidwa ndi utomoni wopangidwa ndi zinthu zopangira utomoni wotenthetsera ndi kupanikizika, ziboliboli zopanda zipolopolo, ndi matabwa amphamvu kwambiri ndi apamwamba-modulus fiber composite board.Chipolopolo chachitsulo chachitsulo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwononga mphamvu ya projectile makamaka kupyolera mu kupunduka ndi kugawanika kwa zitsulo.Chipolopolo chopanda zipolopolo cha laminate champhamvu kwambiri komanso chapamwamba cha modulus fiber bulletproof chimadya mphamvu ya projectile kupyolera mu delamination, nkhonya, kuphulika kwa matrix a utomoni, kuchotsa fiber ndi kusweka.Chosanjikiza chotchinga zipolopolo cha ceramics chotchingira zipolopolo ndi bolodi yolimba kwambiri komanso yapamwamba-modulus fiber composite board imagwiritsidwa ntchito.Chojambula chothamanga kwambiri chikawombana ndi gawo la ceramic, wosanjikiza wa ceramic amasweka kapena kusweka ndikufalikira mozungulira momwe zimachitikira kuti awononge mphamvu zambiri za projectileyo.The modulus fiber composite board imawononganso mphamvu yotsala ya projectile.
③Zida zankhondo zofewa komanso zolimba.Pamwamba pake amapangidwa ndi zida zolimba za ballistic, ndipo mkati mwake amapangidwa ndi zida zofewa.Pamene zipolopolo ndi zidutswa zimagunda pamwamba pa zida za thupi, zipolopolo, zidutswa ndi zipangizo zolimba za pamwamba zimakhala zopunduka kapena zowonongeka, zomwe zimadya mphamvu zambiri za zipolopolo ndi zidutswa.Chingwe chofewa chimayamwa ndikugawa mphamvu za zigawo zotsalira za zipolopolo ndi zidutswa, ndipo zimagwira ntchito poteteza ndi kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kosalowa.
5. Kupanga ma vests oteteza zipolopolo
Zida zankhondo zidachokera ku zida zakale.Mu Nkhondo Yoyamba Yapadziko Lonse, asilikali apadera a United States, Germany, Italy ndi asilikali ochepa oyenda pansi ankagwiritsa ntchito zikopa zachitsulo.M’zaka za m’ma 1920, dziko la United States linapanga chovala chosalowerera zipolopolo chopangidwa ndi zitsulo zokutidwa.Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1940, United States ndi mayiko ena ku Western Europe anayamba kupanga zida za thupi zopangidwa ndi chitsulo cha aloyi, aloyi, titaniyamu, zitsulo zamagalasi, zoumba, nayiloni ndi zipangizo zina.M'zaka za m'ma 1960, asitikali aku US adagwiritsa ntchito ulusi wamphamvu kwambiri wopangidwa ndi aramid (Kevlar fiber) wopangidwa ndi DuPont kuti apange ma vests oteteza zipolopolo okhala ndi mphamvu zoteteza zipolopolo zabwino, zopepuka komanso kuvala bwino.Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 21, asitikali aku US adagwiritsa ntchito zida zankhondo za "Interceptor" zokhala ndi ma modular ndi KM2 zamphamvu kwambiri za aramid synthetic fiber monga zida zosanjikiza zipolopolo pankhondo yaku Iraq.Kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1950, gulu lankhondo la China People's Liberation Army lapanga motsatizana zida zankhondo zamtundu wa FRP, zida zankhondo zamphamvu zamphamvu kwambiri, zida zamphamvu zamphamvu komanso zapamwamba za polyethylene, ndi zida zankhondo za ceramic.Ndi chitukuko cha sayansi ndi ukadaulo, ma vests oteteza zipolopolo adzagwiritsa ntchito zida zoteteza zipolopolo zomwe zimagwira bwino ntchito, kuchepetsa kulemera, kuwongolera mphamvu zoteteza zipolopolo komanso kuvala chitonthozo, ndikuzindikiranso kusinthika kwadongosolo, kusiyanasiyana komanso kusanja kalembedwe.
