Amasasu atagira ingano Inzira yiterambere
Nkibikoresho byingenzi birinda umuntu ku giti cye, Bulletproof veste yahuye nimpinduka kuva mubikoresho byintwaro zicyuma zijya mubintu bitarimo ubutare, no kuva mubikoresho byoroheje byubukorikori bijya mubikoresho bya sintetike hamwe nibyuma byintwaro, ibyuma bya ceramic nibindi bikorwa bigoye byo guteza imbere sisitemu.Porotipi yintwaro yumuntu irashobora kuva mu bihe bya kera, igihugu cyambere cyo gukumira umubiri cyakomeretse, cyari gifite fibre fibre naturel nkibikoresho byo mu gatuza.Iterambere ryintwaro zihatira intwaro zabantu rigomba kugira iterambere rihuye.Nko mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 19, ubudodo bwakoreshwaga mu ntwaro zo mu kinyejana cya mbere mu Buyapani nabwo bwakoreshwaga mu ikoti ryakozwe na Bulletproof.
Mu 1901, nyuma yuko Perezida William McKenley yiciwe, ikoti rya Bulletproof ryatumye Kongere y'Amerika yitabwaho.Nubwo iyi kote ya Bulletproof irashobora gukumira amasasu ya pistolet yihuta (umuvuduko wa 122 m / s), ariko ntishobora gukumira amasasu yimbunda.Rero, mu Ntambara ya Mbere y'Isi Yose, habaye imyenda ya fibre isanzwe yo kwambara imyenda, hamwe n'ibyuma bikozwe mu ntwaro z'umubiri.Imyenda yubudodo yijimye yigeze kuba igice cyingenzi cyintwaro z'umubiri.Nyamara, ubudodo buri mu mwobo metamorphic byihuse, iyi nenge ifite ubushobozi buke butagira amasasu hamwe nigiciro kinini cya silik, ku buryo ku nshuro ya mbere mu Ntambara ya Mbere y'Isi Yose yahuye n’ishami rishinzwe umutekano muri Amerika ry’ubukonje, ntabwo ari rusange.
Mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, impfu za shrapnel ziyongereyeho 80%, mu gihe 70% by'abakomeretse bapfuye bazize igikomere.Ibihugu byitabiriye, cyane cyane Ubwongereza na Amerika byatangiye gushyira ingufu mu guteza imbere intwaro z'umubiri.Mu 1942 Ukwakira, Abongereza bakoze bwa mbere na plaque eshatu ndende ya manganese igizwe n'ikoti ridafite amasasu.Mu 1943, Reta zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zamerika no gukoresha intwaro z'umubiri hariho amoko agera kuri 23.Iki gihe cyintwaro z'umubiri kugeza ibyuma bidasanzwe nkibikoresho nyamukuru bitagira amasasu.Muri kamena 1945, igisirikare cy’Amerika cyateje imbere aluminiyumu ya aluminiyumu hamwe n’imbaraga zikomeye za nylon zivanze n’amasasu atagira amasasu, icyitegererezo cya M12 cy’abasirikare Bulletproof veste.Nylon 66 (izina ry'ubumenyi polyamide 66 fibre) yari fibre synthique yabonetse icyo gihe, kandi imbaraga zayo zo kumena (gf / d: gram / denier) yari 5.9 kugeza 9.5, naho modulus yambere (gf / d) yari 21 kugeza kuri 58, Uburemere bwihariye bwa 1,14 g / (cm) 3, imbaraga zayo zikubye hafi kabiri fibre.Mu ntambara yo muri Koreya, ingabo z’Amerika zari zifite ibikoresho bya T52 byuzuye bya Nylon bikozwe muri nylon igizwe n’amasasu 12, mu gihe Corps yo mu mazi yari ifite ikariso ya M1951 ikomeye "ndende-ndende" FRP y’amasasu ifite uburemere bwa 2.7 kugeza kuri 3.6 kg hagati.Nylon nkibikoresho fatizo byintwaro z'umubiri birashobora gutanga uburinzi runaka kubasirikare, ariko binini, uburemere nabwo bugera kuri kg 6.
Mu ntangiriro ya za 70, imbaraga nyinshi, ultra-high modulus, fibre yubushyuhe bwo hejuru - Kevlar (Kevlar) na Amerika DuPont (DuPont) yateye imbere, kandi bidatinze mu rwego rwo kwirinda amasasu.Kugaragara kwi fibre ikora cyane ituma imyenda yoroshye yimyenda yamasasu ikora neza cyane, ariko kandi murwego runini rwo kunoza imiterere yimyenda ya Bulletproof.Igisirikare cy’Amerika cyafashe iyambere mu gukoresha Kevlar umusaruro wintwaro z'umubiri, kandi zitezimbere uburemere bwizo moderi zombi.Intwaro nshya yumubiri kumyenda ya Kevlar nkibikoresho byingenzi kumasasu ya nylon atagira amasasu kubahasha.Intwaro imwe yumubiri yoroheje igizwe nibice bitandatu byimyenda ya Kevlar, uburemere buringaniye bwa 3.83 kg.Hamwe no gucuruza Kevlar, ibikorwa byiza bya Kevlar byuzuye byatumye igaragara cyane mubirwanisho bya gisirikare.Intsinzi ya Kevlar hamwe no kugaragara kwa Twaron, Spectra no kuyikoresha mu ntwaro z'umubiri byatumye ubwiyongere bwa kositimu yerekana amasasu irangwa na fibre ikora cyane, idafite aho igarukira gusa mu rwego rwa Gisirikare, kandi igenda yiyongera buhoro buhoro. ku bapolisi no mu mitwe ya politiki.
Nyamara, kumasasu yihuta cyane cyane imbunda zirasa amasasu, gusa ibirwanisho byumubiri byoroheje biracyafite ubushobozi.Kugira ngo ibyo bigerweho, abantu bakoze ibikoresho byoroheje kandi bikomeye byumubiri, ibikoresho bya fibre nkibikoresho byongerewe imbaraga, kugirango barusheho kunoza ubushobozi bwamasasu yumubiri.Muri make, iterambere ryintwaro zumubiri zigezweho ryagaragaye ibisekuru bitatu: igisekuru cya mbere cyibikoresho byamasasu bitagira amasasu, cyane cyane ibyuma bidasanzwe, aluminium nibindi byuma bikoresha amasasu.Ubu bwoko bwintwaro z'umubiri burangwa na: imyenda iremereye, mubisanzwe nka kg 20, kwambara bitameze neza, kubuza abantu ibikorwa byinshi, hamwe nurwego runaka rwimikorere yamasasu, ariko byoroshye kubyara ibice bya kabiri.
Igisekuru cya kabiri cyintwaro zumubiri kubikoresho bya software byumubiri, mubisanzwe byakozwe na Kevlar igizwe ninshi hamwe nindi myenda ikora cyane ikozwe muri fibre.Uburemere bwacyo bworoshye, mubusanzwe kg 2 kugeza kuri 3 gusa, kandi imyenda iroroshye, ikwiye ni nziza, kwambara nabyo biroroshye, kwambara neza, cyane cyane kubapolisi n'abashinzwe umutekano cyangwa abanyapolitiki bakoresha imyenda ya buri munsi.Mubushobozi bwo kwirinda amasasu, general arashobora gukumira metero 5 uvuye kumasasu ya pistolet, ntabwo azabyara shrapnel ya kabiri, ariko isasu ryakubise ihinduka rinini, rishobora gutera igikomere runaka kitinjira.Nanone ku mbunda cyangwa imbunda zirasa amasasu, ubunini rusange bwintwaro yoroshye yumubiri biragoye kubirwanya.Igisekuru cya gatatu cyintwaro yumubiri nintwaro igizwe numubiri.Mubisanzwe hamwe na ceramic yoroheje nkurwego rwo hanze, Kevlar nizindi myenda ikora cyane ya fibre nkigice cyimbere, nicyerekezo nyamukuru cyiterambere ryintwaro z'umubiri.