Ukusetyenziswa kweeCamera eziGqwethiweyo zoMzimba kuNyanzeliso loMthetho
Ukusetyenziswa kweUmzimba Won Iikhamera in Ukufaka umthatho
UMXHOLO
Umbono woluntu ngokunyanzeliswa komthetho utshintshile kwilizwe liphela.Ngeziganeko zamva nje ezifana nokudubula kukaMichael Brown, izenzo zamapolisa ngoku zingumxholo wengxoxo yelizwe.Ukuphunyezwa kweenkqubo zekhamera ezinxibe umzimba kuphambili kwezo ngxoxo.Abalawuli bamapolisa bakhangela izisombululo zokubuyisela ukuthenjwa luluntu kunye nokudambisa ukungavisisani kwiindawo abahlala kuzo.Ukusetyenziswa kweekhamera ezinxibe umzimba kuya kunceda ekufikeleleni ezi njongo.Uphando lubonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe iikhamera zomzimba iphucula ukungafihli kunye nokuphendula kwamagosa, nto leyo enciphisa izikhalazo zabemi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwegunya.Ukongeza, ubungqina bevidiyo obufakwe zezi khamera buya kunceda ekwakheni amatyala olwaphulo-mthetho anamandla.Kukho izinto ezilungileyo kunye nezibi ekuphumezeni inkqubo yekhamera yomzimba, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kobu buchwepheshe kuya kunceda zombini ii-arhente kunye noluntu.Iinkqubo kufuneka ziphunyezwe kusetyenziswa umgaqo-nkqubo owomeleleyo nocwangciswe kakuhle.Ukusetyenziswa kweekhamera ezinxibe umzimba kufuneka zisetyenziswe kwimisebenzi yomthetho.
ke ikhamera yomzimba iluncedo kule ndawo, kwaye i-SENKEN-i-manufactory e-China ikhethekileyo ekwenzeni ikhamera yomzimba.
Ukusebenza kwinani elibalulekileyo lekhamera yomzimba ephezulu, eyinkokeli kule ndawo, enikezela umzimba kumapolisa aseTshayina, amapolisa aseYurophu kwaye phantse ipolisa kwihlabathi liphela.ngoko iinkcukacha ezininzi zenkampani jonga ikhonkco elingezantsi:
https://www.senken-international.com/
kunye neekhamera ezininzi zomzimba jonga ikhonkco elingezantsi:
https://www.senken-international.com/search.html
ividiyo yekhamera yomzimba ngakumbi jonga ngezantsi:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BMO_UP4LZBk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gyfjQSH4rzQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EKE6KGhMiDU&t=161s
INTSHAYELELO
Ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji kwiUkufaka umthathoibeyintsika.Itekhnoloji ivumileUkufaka umthathoIi-arhente zisebenze ngendlela esebenzayo nesebenzayo imihla ngemihla.Imbali ikubonakalisile oku ngokwaziswa kwemoto, unomathotholo, ikhompyutha kunye nezixhobo ezirekhodiweyo/ezibonwayo.Ezi zezinye zeenkqubela phambili ezibe nefuthe elihle kuzoUkufaka umthatho.Itekhnoloji ihlala iguquka, ngoko ke ukuthotyelwa komthetho kuya kuqhubeka nokutshintsha.Ukusetyenziswa kweekhamera zevidiyo yenye yezona nkqubela zinkulu zeteknoloji ezisetyenziswa ziiarhente zamapolisa namhlanje.Usetyenziso lwangaphambili lweekhamera zevidiyo zabekwa zodwa kwiiyunithi ezikhethekileyo ezinje, abaphandi be-narcotics, amaqela e-SWAT, kunye namagumbi odliwano-ndlebe asetyenziswa ngabacuphi.Umthetho wanamhlanje uye wawaqonda ngokwenene amandla okusetyenziswa kweekhamera zevidiyo, kwaye zisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo.Iikhamera zesibane esibomvu zisetyenziswa ngoomasipala abaninzi ukunceda ekunciphiseni inani lolwaphulo-mthetho kwiindlela ezithile.Iidrone zasemoyeni zixhotyiswe ngeekhamera zevidiyo ezisetyenziselwa ukuncedisa kukhangelo.Kodwa eyona nto isetyenziswa kakhulu kwikhamera yevidiyo yinkqubo yevidiyo yemoto (ICVS).Uninzi lwamasebe kwilizwe liphela asebenzisa i-ICVS.Iinkqubo zemodeli zangaphambili zazisekelwe kwitekhnoloji yeVHS.Ezi yunithi bezingasebenzi kakuhle.Amagosa aye athatha indawo yeteyiphu kwiyunithi nangaliphi na ixesha ibamba into enexabiso lobungqina, nokuba lingakanani ixesha eliseleyo kwiteyiphu.Iimodeli ezitsha zeza nophuculo lwetekhnoloji.Ezi yunithi bezidijithali kwaye zisebenza kakuhle kakhulu.Idatha yagcinwa kwi-hard drive.Ukubuyisela ividiyo efunekayo kwezi yunithi ezifunekayo ukukhupha i-hard drive kwaye ngokulula 2 ukukhuphela idatha efunekayo.Ezona modeli zintsha ngoku aziphathwa ngesandla.Idatha ithunyelwa kwiyunithi ye-ICVS kwiseva ekhuselekileyo kwisebe lamapolisa ngeBluetooth okanye iWIFI.I-ICVS ivumele amasebe ukuba ahlale ethobela imithetho echaza iprofayili ngobuhlanga.Ngumthombo omkhulu onokusetyenziswa ekufaka izikhalazo kumagosa.I-ICVS inemida yayo.Ibamba kuphela into eyenzekayo phambi kwesithuthi kwaye imakrofoni inoluhlu olulinganiselweyo.Ezi ntsilelo zimbini ze-ICVS kunye nokukhula kokungathembi amapolisa kwiindawo ezininzi zoluntu kwavula indlela yokwaziswa kwekhamera enxitywe umzimba kunyanzeliso lomthetho.Iikhamera zomzimba zisetyenziswe ngempumelelo enkulu.Ezi khamera zivumela ukuba unxibelelwano luphelele lurekhodwe.Ividiyo eqokelelwe ngelixa kwindawo yokuhlala bubungqina obutsha kwaye obuxabisekileyo bokwakha amatyala anamandla kunye nokutshutshiswa okulandelayo.Ukungafihli kwegosa kunye noxanduva lolunye uncedo olukhulu.Amagosa ayazi kakuhle ikhamera esemzimbeni wawo aya kuqinisekisa ukuba aziphatha ngendlela echubekileyo.Oku ke, kuya kunciphisa inani lezikhalazo kumagosa kwaye kuncede ekusombululeni izikhalazo ezingenamsebenzi kwangexesha.Ezi zizo zonke izizathu zokuba kutheni iikhamera zomzimba kufuneka zisetyenziswe kunyanzeliso lomthetho lwanamhlanje
ividiyo yekhamera yomzimba ngakumbi jonga ngezantsi:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BMO_UP4LZBk
POSITION
Ii-arhente zogcino-mthethokwilizwe lonke liyahluka ngobukhulu kwaye amanani abantu kwiindawo abasebenza kuzo zahluka kakhulu;nangona kunjalo, bonke banemiqobo kunye neengxaki ezifanayo.Ukuthenjwa koluntu kunye nokuphendula kwamagosa zizinto ezimbini ezibaluleke kakhulu.Ukuziphatha kakubi kwegosa okanye ukungaziphathi kakuhle okutyholwayo kunokuzisa iindaba ezimbi kumajelo eendaba, ukuphononongwa koluntu, kunye nezimangalo kwi-arhente.3 Ukusetyenziswa kweekhamera zevidiyo ngamagosa ajikelezayo sele kukho iminyaka.Iikhamera zinceda ngokusebenza elubala kwamagosa kunye nokuphendula.Iikhamera ezinxitywe umzimba ngamapolisa zithathe ezi ndawo zimbini zazibeka kwinqanaba elilandelayo.Abemi kunye namagosa asebupoliseni bathanda ukuziphatha ngendlela efanelekileyo, besazi ukuba iikhamera zikhona.ULovett wafumanisa ukuba uWilliam A. Farrar, oyiNtloko yeSebe lamaPolisa aseRialto wathi: “Xa ubeka ikhamera kwipolisa, badla ngokuziphatha ngcono… kwaye ukuba ummi uyazi ukuba ipolisa linxibe ikhamera, amathuba okuba uya kuziphatha ngcono kancinci (njengoko kukhankanyiwe White, 2014, p.11).U-Jay Stanley, umhlalutyi ophezulu womgaqo-nkqubo we-American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) wathi ukusetyenziswa kweekhamera zomzimba "zinamandla okuba yi-win-win situation" (Lopez, 2015, p. 4).Izikhalazo zabemi ngamagosa yinto ekufuneka ijongwe ngabalawuli rhoqo.Ukusetyenziswa kweekhamera zomzimba kunokubonelela ngevidiyo yesityholo sokuziphatha kakubi kunye nokuncedisa ngokuthatha inyathelo elifanelekileyo, ukuba kukho.UJay Stanly ucebise ukuba uSgt.URichard Royce, oqeshwe kwiSebe lamaPolisa aseRialto wabelane ngale vidiyo kwikhamera yomzimba yamkhulula.Wathi “Ndingathanda ukuba noguqulelo lwam lweso siganeko ndithathe ividiyo enenkcazo ephezulu ngokupheleleyo ngokwembono yam, emva koko ndijonge umfanekiso wekhamera yeselula yomntu” (Abdollah, 2014, p.4).Ngokutsho kweFusion Investigates, uFossi-Garcia, kunye noLieberman (2014), iSebe lePolisa laseAlbuquerque lifake izikhalazo zabemi abangama-598 kwiminyaka emithathu. .Isebe lamaPolisa aseRialtoikhamera enxibe umzimbaUphononongo lufumene ukuhla kwe-88% kwizikhalazo zabemi kunye nokuncipha kokusetyenziswa kwamandla ngama-60%.Kwakhona kwafumanisa ukuba iinguqu ezingazange zisebenzise iikhamera zomzimba ziphindwe kabini ukusetyenziswa kwamanani amandla kuneenguqu eziye zasebenzisa i-4 iikhamera (White, 2014).Isebe lamaPolisa aseMesa lenze uphando lwekhamera enxibe umzimba usebenzisa amagosa angama-100, apho i-50 inxibe iikhamera kwaye i-50 ayizange.Emva kweenyanga ezisibhozo zokuqala zophononongo, amagosa awayenxibe iikhamera aye adala izikhalazo zabemi.Amagosa angenazo iikhamera anezikhalazo ezingamashumi amabini anesithathu (White,2014).IGqwetha leSithili seNqila yaseSalt Lake uSam Gill uthe, “Uninzi lwamagosa asebupoliseni awenza umsebenzi wawo ngembeko, kodwa...inkqubo ayilinganiswa ngezenzo zamagosa angama-99 epesenti, linye okanye amabini ekufuneka aphendule kwaye akanakuphendula. 't”(Fusion Investigate, Fossi-Garcia, Lieberman, 2014, p.4).Emva kokusweleka kukaMichael Brown kunye no-Eric Gardner, kukho intshukumo ye-antipolice etyhutyha ilizwe lonke kunye nokungathembani kuluntu lwase-Afrika lwaseMelika ngokubanzi.Ukusetyenziswa kweekhamera zomzimba linyathelo eliya kwicala elifanelekileyo lokubuyisela loo ntembeko.I-Santora (njengoko kukhankanyiwe nguMhlophe, i-2014) yafumanisa ukuba iSebe lePolisa laseNew York lalingumxholo wesimangalo somthetho kwiprogram ye-Stop, Umbuzo kunye neFrisk (SQF) ephikisanayo ngo-Agasti ka-2013. UShira Scheindlin wayalela ukuba kusetyenziswe iikhamera zomzimba kumagosa asebenza kwezo ndawo inkqubo yayisetyenziswa kakhulu.Ithemba ibikukuzisa isebe ekuthotyelweni kwemithetho yeprofiling yobuhlanga (White, 2014, p.12).Icala lezomthetho lokunyanzeliswa komthetho lixhamle ekusebenziseni iikhamera zomzimba.Owona msebenzi wee-arhente zogcino-mthetho kukukhusela nokusebenzela uluntu lwazo.Inxalenye yaloo nkonzo kukudibanisa amatyala olwaphulo-mthetho awomeleleyo ukuze abatshutshisi bagwebe ngempumelelo loo matyala.Ukusetyenziswa kweekhamera zomzimba kuye kwavumela ukuba kubhalwe amaxwebhu apheleleyo oqhagamshelwano lwamagosa noluntu, ngaloo ndlela kuvelisa ubungqina obongezelelweyo bevidiyo.Ngokutsho kweZiko leSizwe loBulungisa (2012), i-91% yabatshutshisi be-5 abaphandwayo bavuma ukusebenzisa ubungqina bevidiyo enkundleni.Kwezo, ama-58% achithe ixesha elincinane enkundleni.Ubungqina bevidiyo obuthathwe kwikhamera yomzimba buvumela abagwebi ukuba babone indlela yokwenyani yokuziphatha kommangalelwa hayi lowo unxibe kakuhle kwaye ummangalelwa ehleli enkundleni (McFarlin, 2015).
ividiyo yekhamera yomzimba ngakumbi jonga ngezantsi:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gyfjQSH4rzQ
INDAWO YOKUXHASA
Ukusetyenziswa kweikhamera enxibe umzimbaiza nezinto ezingalunganga.Iindleko zokuphumeza iikhamera mhlawumbi yeyona inkulu.KweyanamhlanjeUkufaka umthathoIi-arhente, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali luqinile kwaye yonke idola ibalwa.IZiko leSizwe loBulungisa (2014) lenze uphando lokuthengisa kwiimodeli ezahlukeneyo ze-18 zeekhamera ezinxitywe ngumzimba.Iikhamera zihamba ngexabiso ukusuka kwi-$ 119.95 ukuya kwi-$ 1,000.00.Amaxabiso ahluka kakhulu kwaye ukukhetha imodeli kuya kuxhomekeka kwiimfuno ze-arhente kunye nemali ekhoyo.Uninzi lwamasebe asebenza iiyure ezili-10 ukuya kwezili-12 ukuze kwandiswe abasebenzi.Ixesha lokurekhoda kweeyunithi zekhamera ukusuka kwi-1.2 ukuya kwiiyure ze-128 (iZiko leSizwe loBulungisa, i-2014).Iiyunithi ezithile ziya kufuna ukuba kuthengwe isoftware ukuze kusetyenziswe.Ukongeza kwiindleko zeeyunithi, kukho imfuneko yendawo yokugcina imidiya eyongezelelweyo.Uninzi lwamasebe sele esebenzisa i-ICVSand anemithombo yeendaba yokugcina ividiyo ethathwe kwezo yunithi.Iikhamera zomzimbaiyakongeza kuloo ndawo yokugcina.UJay Stanley kunye ne-ACLU, wafumanisa ukuba kuya kuxabisa i-33 yezigidi zeedola ukuthenga iikhamera zomzimba kuwo onke amagosa kwiSebe lamaPolisa eSixeko saseNew York.Ukwafumene ngo-2013, isixeko saseNew York sahlawula i-152 yezigidi zeedola kumabango okuziphatha kakubi kwamapolisa.Ukusebenzisa loo manani, uStanley ucebisa ukuba ukuba inkqubo yeekhamera inciphisa kuphela amabango okungaziphathi kakuhle ngeyodwa, inkqubo yayiza kuzihlawula ngokwayo (Lopez, 2015, p.5).I-6 Dees (2014) yenza uqikelelo lokuqala kwisixa semidiya yedijithali i-arhente yamagosa angama-50 eya kuvelisa isebenzisa inkqubo ye-Taser Axon.Le yunithi igcina imifanekiso kwi-640X480 yevidiyo yegraphics array (VGA).Iishifti ezintathu zingavelisa ividiyo eyi-360GB ngosuku, eguqulela kwiiterabytes ezilishumi ngenyanga.Enye indlela yokunciphisa ezinye iindleko zokugcina kukusebenzisa iinkonzo zokugcina ilifu.Inkonzo yeWebhu yeAmazon (AWS) yenye yeenkonzo ezinkulu zokugcina.Amashishini amaninzi amakhulu kunye norhulumente wobumbano usebenzisa i-AWS yokugcina (Dees, 2014).Umgaqo-nkqubo ongaphantsi kokunciphisa ixesha lokuvula iikhamera sisisombululo kwisixa sevidiyo egcinwayo.Iprojekthi yeMesa isebenzise iikhamera ezingama-50 unyaka omnye.Kwisiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka, amagosa asebenza phantsi komgaqo-nkqubo apho lonke unxibelelwano noluntu lwalurekhodwa ngevidiyo.Amagosa enza, ngokomndilili, iividiyo ezingama-2,327 ngenyanga.Isiqingatha sesibini sonyaka, amagosa asebenzisa ukuqonda kwawo xa evula iikhamera.Oku kwanciphisa iividiyo ezenziwe kwi-1,353 ngenyanga, ukunciphisa i-42% (White,2014).Amasebe nawo kufuneka enze uphando ngezakhono zeyunithi nganye yeekhamera kwaye athenge kuphela imodeli ayidingayo.Oku kuya kunciphisa ixabiso lesiseko seyunithi nganye.Amasebe anokufuna inkxaso-mali okanye eminye imithombo yemali ukuze athenge ezi zinto.UMongameli uBarack Obama wenze isindululo seminyaka emithathu yesibonelelo semali ye-$263 yezigidi zeerandi (Schlegel, 2014).Oku kuya kuvumela ii-arhente ezininzi kwilizwe lonke ukuba zikwazi ukuthenga iikhamera.Enye indlela yokunciphisa iindleko kukubuyisela i-ICVS ngeekhamera ezinxitywe ngumzimba.Oku kuya konga kwixabiso leeyunithi kunye nokugcinwa kwemidiya eyongezelelweyo.Iikhamera zomzimba zinemida.Enye yezona zinkulu yindawo yomzimba enokuthi ifakwe kuyo.Kwimifuziselo ye-18 ephononongwayo, ininzi yazo ikhwela esifubeni okanye i-beltof 7 igosa (NIJ, 2014).Ingxaki ngeekhamera ezifakwe esifubeni kukuba inciphisa umbono wekhamera.Ukuba igosa lidubula isixhobo salo, ikhamera inokurekhoda nje iingalo zegosa ngenxa yesikhundla somzimba (“10 Limitations,” 2014).Ikhamera isaqokelela ubungqina obubalulekileyo, kodwa ayingomfanekiso upheleleyo.Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimodeli ezimbini zekhamera ezinokuxhonywa entlokweni yegosa.I-AXON Flexattaches ukuya kwiiglasi ezinxitywa ngamagosa (NIJ, 2014).Ividiyo evela kwezi yunithi inokuba ngaphezulu ngokwembono yegosa kwaye incede ekuphulukaneni neevidiyo ezixabisekileyo ezibangelwa ziingxaki zokubeka indawo.Enye into enkulu ebuyisela umva kwiikhamera zomzimba kukuba zithembeke kakhulu.Iikhamerazisisixhobo esilungileyo sokuncedisa kulo naluphi na uphando kodwa akufuneki kuxhomekeke kuso kuphela.Iikhamera zinokuthi okanye zingarekhodi yonke into elibonwa ligosa kwisiganeko esinzima.Ngokomzekelo, igosa eliphethe iSebe lePolisa lase-Oakland lileqa umrhanelwa, nto leyo eyaphela ngokudubula igosa laza labulala umrhanelwa.Igosa labika ukuba umrhanelwa unompu.Igosa lalinxibe ikhamera exhonywe esifubeni.Isixeko sase-Oakland sichithe imali eninzi kakhulu ukuze ingcali ihlole umfanekiso wekhamera yomzimba welo gosa.Ngenxa yokuma kwekhamera, akukhange kubonwe mpu esandleni somrhanelwa.Isebe lenze isigqibo sokulirhoxisa eli gosa ngenxa yokuphendula ngokugqithisileyo kule meko, kodwa kamva laye layekiswa ityala.Umpu obekwe engceni kwindawo yesiganeko (Abdollah, 2014).Isifundo esifundiweyo sesokuba ngenxa yokuba ikhamera ingazange iyibambe kwividiyo ayithethi ukuba ayizange yenzeke.Inkqubela phambili yobuchwepheshe kwiikhamera kufuneka nayo ithathelwe ingqalelo.Amagosa ogcino-mthetho asebenza iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku.Kusengqiqweni ukucinga ukuba amagosa aza kunxibelelana nabantu ngexesha lasebusuku okanye kwiimeko ezisi-8.Uninzi lweemodeli zekhamera yomzimba zinesetingi yemowudi yasebusuku.Esi sicwangciso, kunye nesisombululo esiphezulu seekhamera, sivumela ikhamera ukuba ibone oko iliso lomntu lingenako ebusuku okanye ekukhanyeni okuphantsi ("I-10 Limitations," 2014).Umzekelo, igosa liphumla ngesifundo ebusuku kwaye isifundo sineselfowuni esandleni.Igosa lisenokungakwazi ukuyibona ngokucacileyo kwaye liyibone njengesoyikiso.Umboniso wevidiyo ungabonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba yiselula.Le nyaniso kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo ngexesha lophando.Inyaniso malunga nesiganeko akufanele ixhomekeke kuphela kwinto erekhodiweyo kwividiyo, lonke ulwazi olufana namangqina, iziteyitimenti zegosa, i-forensics, kunye nezenzo zoluntu kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngexesha lophando ("I-10 Limitations,"2014).Imiba yabucala yenye ingxaki ethe yavela elubala.Ngokutsho kwe-NIJ (Man Tech, 2014, 7), umthetho we-federal ufuna isigunyaziso sokuthatha iifoto okanye iividiyo zabantu kwiindawo abalindele ukuba ziyimfihlo.Kwakhona amazwe amaninzi afuna ukuba omabini amaqela abandakanyekayo kwincoko avumelane ngokurekhodwa (White, 2014).Ukongeza kwimiba yabucala ngabantu abafaka ingubo evulekileyo yesicelo sevidiyo efunyenwe ziikhamera ezinxibe umzimba.Indoda engaziwayo, ehlala eSeattle, eWashington, ifake isicelo serekhodi sayo yonke imiboniso yevidiyo evela kwiikhamera zomzimba.Indoda emva koko ithumela iividiyo kwijelo likaYouTube elibizwa ngokuba yiPolisa VideoRequests.Le ndoda ingaziwa yachaza ukuba injongo yayo kukwenza abantu bakhathalele imfihlo yabo xa ebizwa amapolisa.Ucatshulwe esithi, "Ukuba akukho nto yimbi, ndizama ukubonisa ukuba ii-arhente zisasaze iteknoloji ukuba umthetho awujonganga ..." (Alexander, 2014, p.1).Imiba yabucala inokuphetshwa ngokuphunyezwa komgaqo-nkqubo owenziwe kakuhle noqeqesho lwamagosa (White, 2014).
ividiyo yekhamera yomzimba ngakumbi jonga ngezantsi:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EKE6KGhMiDU&t=161s
INGCEBISO
Ukufaka umthathoIi-arhente zezinye zabathengi abakhulu bobugcisa, kunye neekhamera zevidiyo ziphezulu.Iikhamera zibekwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kwaye izibonelelo zigqwesa iingxaki.Ukusetyenziswa kweiikhamera ezinxibe umzimbamayibekho ngaphandle.Ukuqaliswa kweekhamera zomzimba kwi-arhente kufuneka kwenziwe ngomgaqo-nkqubo oqinileyo kunye noqeqesho lwamagosa.Iikhamera zinceda ngokuphendula kwamagosa kunye nokungafihli nto, imiba emibini emikhulu kulawulo lwamapolisa.Amapolisa kunye nabemi bobabini banotyekelo lokuziphatha ngokufanelekileyo besazi ukuba kukho ikhamera ekhoyo.Ividiyo evela kwiikhamera zomzimba iya kunceda kuphando lwezikhalazo kumagosa kunye nokwakha amatyala olwaphulo-mthetho anamandla ukuze atshutshiswe kamva.Iindleko zeekhamera zomzimba zinokuba ngumthwalo onzima kwii-arhente.Uninzi lwee-arhente kufuneka zisebenze kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali oluncinci kwaye ukufumana imali yeekhamera kunokuba ngumngeni.Kukho ezininzi ezahlukeneyoiimodeli zeekhamera, eyahluka kwiindleko.Ii-arhente kufuneka ziphonononge ubunakho bezi yunithi kwaye zikhethe eyona modeli ifikelela kwiimfuno zesebe.Eyona nto ibiza kakhulu isenokungabi yeyona nto ilungileyo kwi-arhente ethile.Uncedo lwemali luyafumaneka kwezo arhente zingenako ukuhlawulela iikhamera.Ukufaka isicelo senkxaso-mali yomanyano ngumthombo olungileyo wemali kunye neemali zokuhlutha zinokufumaneka.Le mali ingasetyenziswa ekuthengeni ugcino lwemidiya olongezelelweyo.Iikhamera zomzimba zinemida kodwa ziselulongezelelo oluxabisekileyo.Iikhamera azinakurekhoda ngokucacileyo ukuba igosa lijonge ntoni na, ngenxa yendawo exhonywe kuyo emzimbeni.Nangona kunjalo, basanikezela ngobungqina beaudio obunokuba luncedo.Kukho iimodeli ezimbalwa zeekhamera ezili-10 ezivumela ukukhwela entloko.Oku kuya kulungisa umda wokumisa.Iividiyo zekhamera yomzimba zithembeke kakhulu.Uluntu kunye nolawulo lwamapolisa bobabini bathanda ukubeka ugxininiso kakhulu kwinto abayibonayo kwividiyo.Nangona ividiyo ibalulekile, akufuneki ibe yeyona nto iqwalaselwayo.Itekhnoloji yekhameraidlule isakhono seliso lomntu.Oku kuxhaphake kakhulu ebusuku okanye kwiimeko zokukhanya okuphantsi.Uphando olucokisekileyo olulungileyo oluthathela ingqalelo yonke imeko yeyona ndlela ilungileyo.Ukusetyenziswa kweekhamera zomzimba kuphakamise inkxalabo yokuba ngasese.Imithetho yabucala iyahluka ukusuka kwilizwe ukuya kwelinye kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo ngumba wokunyanzeliswa komthetho ekufuneka uqwalaselwe.Imithetho emitsha iyafuneka ukuvumela ukukhululwa kwekhamera yomzimba, kodwa umgaqo-nkqubo ophandwe kakuhle kunye nobhaliweyo sisisombululo ngoku.Ikhamera yevidiyo ngokuqinisekileyo inendawo ekuthotyelweni komthetho.Ikhamera yomzimba, nangona iphikisana, iluncedo kumadoda nabasetyhini abafaka iyunifomu yonke imihla.Amagosa anokungabaza malunga nokuphunyezwa kwenkqubo yekhamera yomzimba, kodwa oku kuya kudlula kunye nexesha kunye namava.Oku kwakuyinyaniso xa iinkqubo ze-ICVS zaziphunyezwa.Itekhnoloji inokubiza imali eninzi kodwa imali ikhona ukuba ii-arhente zithenge ezi khamera.Phambi kokuphumeza inkqubo enxitywe ngumzimba, ii-arhente kufuneka zibe nesikhokelo esicacileyo ezifuna ukuhamba ngazo neekhamera kwaye zenze uphando.Kukho isixa esilinganiselweyo sophando phaya ngoku, kodwa eso ayisosizathu sokuba amasebe angazifundisi.Izinto ezimbini zokugqibela ngumgaqo-nkqubo obhalwe kakuhle kufuneka kwaye ulandelwe ngoqeqesho.Iziko leSizwe lezoBulungisa linezikhokelo zomgaqo-nkqubo ukuba nabani na asebenzise.Ngokusekwe kulo lonke ulwazi, iikhamera ezinxibe umzimba kufuneka zisetyenziswe kumsebenzi wonyanzeliso lomthetho.
IZIQINISEKISO
I-10 imida yeekhamera zomzimba ekufuneka uyazi ngokhuseleko lwakho.(2014, Septemba 23).Ifunyenwe kwi-https://policeone.com/police-products/bodycameras/articles/7580663-10-limitations-of-body-cams-you-need-to-know-foryour-protection Abdollah, T. (2014, Matshi 15) ).Amagosa oyika ukuba iikhamera zomzimba ziphakamisa inkxalabo yabucala Ifunyenwe kwi-https://www.policeone.com/police-products/bodycameras/articles/6976369-Amagosa-uloyiko-umzimba-ikhamera-phakamisa-imfihlo-inkxalabo uAlexander, R. (2014, Disemba 7).Iikhamera zamapolisa ziphakamisa umba wamalungelo, amagosa azama ukulinganisa ubumfihlo, ilungelo loluntu lokwazi.Uphononongo lweSithethi.Ifunyenwe kwi-https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2014/dec/07/body-camera-use-abuts-privacyissues/ Dees, T. (2014, Disemba 3).Kutheni inyathelo le-bodycam ka-Obama lingayi kusebenza.Ifunyenwe kwi-https://policeone.com/police-products/body-cameras/articles/7921687-WhyObamas-bodycam-initiative-wont-work Fusion Investigates, Fossi-Garcia, C., & Lieberman, D. (2014, December18) ).Uphando lwezixeko ezi-5 lufumana iikhamera zomzimba zihlala zinceda amapolisa.Ifunyenwe kwi-https://fusion.net/story/31986/investigation-of-5-cities-finds-body-cameras-usuallyhelp-police Lopez, G. (2015, ngoJanuwari 13).Kutheni amapolisa kufuneka anxibe iikhamera zomzimba-kwaye kutheni engafanele anxibe.Vox.Ifunyenwe kwi-https://www.vox.com/2014/9/17/6113045/policeworn-body-cameras-explained 12 McFarlin, C. (2015, ngoJanuwari 7).Iikhamera ezigutyungelwe ngumzimba: Izibonelelo kunye nezenzo ezingcono zamapolisa.Ifunyenwe kwi-https://inpublicsafety.com/2015/01/body-worn-camerasbenefits-and-best-practices-for-police National Institute of Justice.(2012).Iprimer kwiikhamera ezigqwethelwe ngumzimba kunyanzeliso lomthetho.Ifunyanwa kwakhona ku-https://www.ncjrs.gov/app/publications/abstract.aspx?ID=261713 National Institute of Justice.(2014).Iikhamera ezigqwethekileyo zobulungisa bolwaphulo-mthetho:Uvavanyo lwentengiso.Ifunyenwe kwi-nicic.gov/library/028182 Schlegel, D. (2014, Disemba 15).Izinto ezi-3 iiPD kufuneka zazi malunga nenyathelo lekhamera yomzimba ka-Obama.Ifunyenwe kwi-https://www.policeone.com/police-products/bodycameras/articles/7982969-3-things-PDs-should-know-about-Obamas-body-caminitiative White, MD (2014).Iikhamera ezinxibe umzimba wepolisa: Ukuvavanya ubungqina.Ifunyenwe kwi
inqaku lokuqala bona ikhonkco elingezantsi:
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BMO_UP4LZBk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gyfjQSH4rzQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EKE6KGhMiDU&t=161s